河套灌区不同配置农田防护林对田间土壤水分和养分储量的影响

• 作者： 冀明欣1 冯天骄1,2 肖辉杰1 辛智鸣3 李俊然4 王栋1
• 作者单位：
  1.  北京林业大学水土保持学院，北京100083
  2.  山西吉县森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站， 山西吉县042200
  3.  内蒙古磴口荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站，内蒙古磴口015200
  4.  香港大学地理系，香港999077
• 提交时间：2023-08-26

摘要: 农田防护林作为提高生态环境效益的有效农业管理方式，对改善土壤理化性质、改善生态环境，提高作物产量具有重要意义。在河套灌区选择三种典型农田防护林（4行林带、5行林带和8行林带）测量了20192021年生长季农田内距防护林0.3 H、0.7 H、1 H、2 H、3 H和4 H处0~100 cm的土壤性质和防护林与农田的植被属性，测算了土壤水分储量（SMS）和土壤养分储量[碳储量(SCS)、氮储量(SNS)和磷储量(SPS)］。结果表明：（1）不同防护林系统水平方向上的土壤容重和土壤黏粒含量差异显著，在垂直方向上土壤属性均有显著差异。（2）防护林具有较好的保水性和养分供应功能，其中4行林带的土壤水分储量和养分储量高于其他林带，分别为SMS 237.44 mm、SCS 544.93 gm-2、SNS 953.72 gm-2和SPS 859.04 gm-2。（3）4行林带的整体长势比较好，其平均树高为30.06 m，胸径为0.41 m，且4行防护林的作物产量最高，为15.75 thm-2。（4）冗余分析结果显示，不同防护林系统中，环境因子与生态系统功能之间存在密切关系，土壤特性与土壤水分和养分储量关系密切，另外，植被属性与SNS和SPS基本呈负相关。综上所述，4行林带的水分养分供给能力最强，本研究结果可为生态脆弱地区的防护林建设和生态修复提供有效的理论依据。

Abstract: As an effective agricultural management method for improving ecological and environmental benefits,the farmland shelterbelt system is crucial in improving soil physical and chemical properties, the ecologicalenvironment, and crop yield. This study clarifies the effects of this system on ecosystem functions and provides aguide for the ecological restoration of fragile ecosystems. In the Hetao Irrigation District, three typical farmlandshelterbelts (four-, five-, and eight-line patterns) were selected to measure soil properties at a 0-100 cm depth andvegetation properties of shelterbelts and farmland at different distances (0.3 H, 0.7 H, 1 H, 2 H, 3 H, and 4 H)from the shelterbelts during the growing seasons from 2019 to 2021. Soil moisture storage (SMS) and soilnutrient storage [soil carbon storage (SCS), soil nitrogen storage (SNS), and soil phosphorus storage (SPS)] weremeasured. The results showed that (1) the soil bulk density and clay content of different shelterbelts differedsignificantly in the horizontal direction, while the soil properties differed significantly in the vertical direction. (2)The shelterbelts had enhanced water retention and nutrient supply functions, and the soil water and nutrientreserves of the four-line pattern were higher than those of the five- and eight-line patterns (SMS = 237.44 mm;SCS = 544.93 gm 2; SNS = 953.72 gm 2; SPS = 859.04 gm 2). (3) The average tree height and DBH of thefour- row shelterbelt were 30.06 m and 0.41 m, respectively. Additionally, the four- row shelterbelt had themaximum crop yield of 15.75 thm2. (4) Redundancy analysis showed that a close relationship existed betweenenvironmental factors and ecosystem functions in the different shelterbelts, soil characteristics were closelyrelated to soil water and nutrient reserves, and vegetation attributes were negatively correlated with SNS andSPS. In conclusion, the four-line pattern demonstrated the strongest capacity for water and nutrient supply. Theresults of this study provide a sufficient theoretical basis for shelterbelt construction and ecological restoration inecologically fragile areas.

• 分类： 农、林、牧、渔 >> 土壤学
• 引用： ChinaXiv:202308.00675 (或此版本 ChinaXiv:202308.00675V1)
  doi:10.12074/202308.00675
• 推荐引用方式： 冀明欣1,冯天骄1,2,肖辉杰1,辛智鸣3,李俊然4,王栋1.(2023).河套灌区不同配置农田防护林对田间土壤水分和养分储量的影响.干旱区研究.[ChinaXiv:202308.00675] (点此复制)