摘要: 为了鉴定白及块茎腐烂病的病原菌以及筛选抑制病原菌的中药材提取物，该文利用 常规组织分离法对病原菌进行分离，通过形态学和分子生物学技术对致病菌株进行鉴定； 观察了7 种中药材提取物对病原菌的抑菌效果。结果表明：（1）从感病叶片、叶鞘及块茎 共分离得到14 株真菌和4 株细菌，病原菌室内和室外回接表明菌株GF-1 致病症状与田间 一致，致病率均达到100%。（2）经形态学鉴定，菌株GF-1 为附球菌属（Epicoccum）病 原菌，菌落白色绒絮状，圆型；菌丝匍匐向外、向上生长，气生，无色，有隔膜，有分 枝，具有分生孢子和厚垣孢子。（3）菌株GF-1 的ITS 序列（全长522 bp）与Genbank 中 已登录的甘蔗的高粱附球菌（E. sorghinum，MN493119.1）序列一致性最高，达99.62%， 与已报道的白及叶斑病致病菌高粱附球菌（ E. sorghinum, MF948994.1 ） 的一致性为 98.88%。（4）培养基中含有0.1~0.2 gmL-1 的青钱柳等7 种中药材提取物能够完全抑制 GF-1 菌落的生长；当培养基中含有0.05 gmL-1 的提取物时，肉桂和丁香提取物仍能完全抑 制菌落的生长。综上分析认为，引起白及根腐病的致病菌为附球菌属高粱附球菌E. sorghinum，培养基中含有0.1~0.2 gmL-1 的青钱柳等7 种中药材提取物能够完全抑制致病 菌的生长。
Abstract: In order to identify the pathogens that caused tuber rot in Bletilla striata and study the inhibiting effects of herbal extracts on pathogens, the pathogens that caused tuber rot of Bletilla striata were isolated using usual tissue isolation. Morphological and molecular biological techniques were used to identify the strains. And seven herbal extracts were used to study the inhibiting effects on the pathogen. The results were as follows:（1） A total of 14 fungi and 4 bacteria were isolated from diseased leaves, leaf sheaths and tubers. But only strain GF-1 caused disease, whose symptoms consistent with those in the field. The incidences of GF-1 disease reinoculated in the field and laboratory were 100％, respectively. （2）GF-1 was identified as a memmber of Epicoccum, and its colonial morphology is a circular form, with white mycelium, prostrate on the medium, aerial, diaphragms and branches. There are conidia and chlamydospores. （3）At last, the sequence of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of GF-1 were analyzed, the length was 522 bp. The sequence was compared with other species in the GenBank and reached 99.62% similarity to E. sorghinum (MN493119.1) isolated form Sorghum, which was closer than others, including E. sorghinum (MF948994.1) isolated form leaves of B. striata. （4）GF-1 could be fully inhibited when the medium contained 0.1- 0.2 gmL-1 extracts that extracted from 7 Chinese herbal, respectively. And it also could be fully inhibited by 0.05 gmL-1 of C. cassia or Syringa oblate. In summary, the pathogen that caused tuber rot in Bletilla striata was identified as E. sorghinum. And GF-1 could be fully inhibited cultivated on the medium which contained 0.1- 0.2 gmL-1 herbal extracts, e.g.: C. cassia, S. oblate, Cyclocarya paliurus, B. striata, Houpoea officinalis, Illicium verum or Cnidium monnieri.
| [V1] | 2023-09-20 21:04:56 | ChinaXiv:202309.00168V1 | 下载全文 |
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