Subjects: Management Science >> Science ology and Management submitted time 2023-05-15
Abstract: Objective Reform of scientific research evaluation has made phased progress, but issues still exist, such as the lack of innovative evaluation methods and an incomplete evaluation system. Methods To address these issues, this study, based on existing scientific research evaluation and incentive systems, designs a diversified evaluation system for the research process using the ICDP method, and establishes a corresponding platform for diversified evaluation of the research process. Results Taking a key laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences as a case, this paper elaborates on the index system architecture of the chemical engineering discipline and demonstrates the calculation process of overall evaluation and participant evaluation. Limitations The evaluation system described in this study takes into account the characteristics of the subject being assessed and adopts a combination of subjective and objective evaluations. It may be applicable to disciplines similar to this one. Other disciplines can refer to the principles of evaluation system design and design an evaluation system that suits the characteristics of their discipline. Conclusions A diversified evaluation and incentive system for the research process, characterized by information storage and recording at key nodes, can effectively solve prominent issues in the reform of scientific research, and is conducive to the sustainable development of the scientific research process ecosystem.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract: Under the dual pressure of energy shortage and environmental degradation, countries all over the world compete to develop safe, environmentally friendly and renewable biomass energy. Large-scale development and utilization of biomass energy can greatly promote ecological civilization construction, energy revolution and low-carbon economic development, and it is of great significance for ensuring national strategies (such as the beautiful villages construction, coping with global climate change, etc.) implementation in China. With an analysis of the status and trend of biomass energy development as the beginning, this study systematically analyzes the challenges of biomass energy development faced by China, and discusses the corresponding countermeasures China should adopt. Furthermore, the technical direction of biomass development are mentioned. The review can provide scientific and technological support for the rapid development of biomass energy technology in China.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract: The carbon neutrality strategy will be the largest orderly human activity in this century, which requires strong scientific supports. This study introduces some key scientific questions and remaining knowledge gaps in earth system science (i.e. atmosphere, land, ocean science), and also discusses some key techniques and the associated challenges, including Earth System Model, climate metrics, greenhouse gasses monitoring techniques, carbon inventories from regional to global scales. On this basis, this study recommends to construct climate monitoring system and platform in China, better describe and understand the earth system coupling processes and mechanisms. To consolidate the techniques for carbon neutrality, this study also suggests to build carbon monitoring and inventory assessment platform and to improve the Earth System Model.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract: Reducing CO2 emissions and increasing carbon sinks are basic approaches to achieve carbon neutralization in China. China is the largest mariculture country in the world. China’s mariculture industry is dominated by non-fed culture type and characterized by rich species, diverse nutrition levels, and advanced farming technology. Therefore, mariculture has huge potential for the development of ocean negative carbon emissions (ONCE). However, the ONCE process of bivalves and seaweed farming is complicated, and the scientific principles, process, mechanisms, monitoring and evaluating methods, and approaches of increasing carbon sink are gradually being recognized and yet to be resolved. This study discusses the research progress of fishery carbon sink, existing problems and possible impact of global climate change on ONCE of mariculture. It then proposes technological approachs and policy suggestions to implement ONCE , which include expanding mariculture space and increaseing unit yield, green development of mariculture based on carrying capacity regulatory regime, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, blue carbon engineering of ocean ranching, and marine artificial upwelling.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract: This perspective first introduces the current status of photosynthesis research in China and in the world, followed by a brief discussion of the major progress of photosynthesis synthetic biology. Then we demonstrate the major weakness of current photosynthesis synthetic biology research in China, which includes fragmented research topics, lack of strong link to its end application and shortage of research funding, etc. Photosynthesis research will play a crucial role for the future global food security, energy security, and maintenance of a sustainable ecosystem and environment. The future photosynthesis synthetic biology research can focus on optimization of existing photosynthetic systems, coordination of photosystem with the metabolisms consuming photosynthate, reconstruction of existing efficient photosynthetic systems, construction of novel photosynthetic systems, and creation of hybrid systems by combining photosynthetic systems and novel bio-material. To effectively promote photosynthesis systems biology research, we propose to establish a series of technical platforms and theories and corresponding policies.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract: Plant-derived natural products (PNPs) have been widely used in pharmaceutical and neutracuetical fields. Currently, extracting PNPs from their original plants is the main method to produce them. However, this extracting method is environmentally unfriendly, unsafe, and inefficient. Based on synthetic biology, construction of artificial cell factories for production of PNPs provides an alternative way. In this review, we focus on research progress for microbial production of terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenylpropanoids to give a brief introduction of construction of artificial cell factories for production of PNPs.
Subjects: Biology >> Bioengineering submitted time 2017-11-21 Cooperative journals: 《中国生物工程杂志》
Abstract:聚羟基脂肪酸酯作为性质优良的生物塑料,引起了广泛的关注。由于聚羟基脂肪酸合成酶PhaC特异性较强,难以通过生物合成方法获得含乳酸单体聚合物。为了实现乳酸的聚合,PhaC的筛选至关重要。以甘油为底物,通过引入Klebsiella pneumoniae的甘油脱水酶DhaB123及其激活因子GdrAB以及Salmonella typhimurium LT2的丙醛脱氢酶基因PduP,获得3-羟基丙酰辅酶A;通过引入Megasphaera elsdenii DSM 20460的丙酰辅酶A转移酶PCT,获得乳酰辅酶A;并对3种不同聚羟基脂肪酸合成酶的作用进行考察。在Pseudomonas putida的原始酶PhaC1或者PhaC2的作用下,不能实现乳酸的聚合;而在双位点突变(Ser325Thr和Gln481Lys)的PhaC1(STQK)存在条件下,重组菌可以利用甘油合成聚3-羟基丙酸-co-乳酸。经过对溶氧、有机氮源等发酵条件的优化,聚3-羟基丙酸-co-乳酸的产量可以达到0.22g/L,占细胞干重的3.2%,是含乳酸单体聚合物生物合成研究的一次有益尝试。
Subjects: Biology >> Bioengineering submitted time 2017-11-21 Cooperative journals: 《中国生物工程杂志》
Abstract:聚羟基脂肪酸酯作为性质优良的生物塑料,引起了广泛的关注。由于聚羟基脂肪酸合成酶PhaC特异性较强,难以通过生物合成方法获得含乳酸单体聚合物。为了实现乳酸的聚合,PhaC的筛选至关重要。以甘油为底物,通过引入Klebsiella pneumoniae的甘油脱水酶DhaB123及其激活因子GdrAB以及Salmonella typhimurium LT2的丙醛脱氢酶基因PduP,获得3-羟基丙酰辅酶A;通过引入Megasphaera elsdenii DSM 20460的丙酰辅酶A转移酶PCT,获得乳酰辅酶A;并对3种不同聚羟基脂肪酸合成酶的作用进行考察。在Pseudomonas putida的原始酶PhaC1或者PhaC2的作用下,不能实现乳酸的聚合;而在双位点突变(Ser325Thr和Gln481Lys)的PhaC1(STQK)存在条件下,重组菌可以利用甘油合成聚3-羟基丙酸-co-乳酸。经过对溶氧、有机氮源等发酵条件的优化,聚3-羟基丙酸-co-乳酸的产量可以达到0.22g/L,占细胞干重的3.2%,是含乳酸单体聚合物生物合成研究的一次有益尝试。
Subjects: Library Science,Information Science >> Bibliography submitted time 2017-10-10
Abstract: Library construction, Village Library construction, publishing, and nationwide reading urgently need new, comprehensive and accurate Chinese Offer Booklist. Based on the State press and Publication Administration of radio, film and television as the main body of the platform construction, The article has introduced in the strategy of the Chinese Offer Booklist construction, including platform function design, platform of bibliographic quality control, which will make the real Chinese Offer Booklist Service Platform completed early, to optimize the publishing market, to promote the dissemination of advanced culture.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Library Science,Information Science >> Collection Development and Library Organization submitted time 2017-10-10
Abstract: Chinese book purchase is general librarys’ key work, procurement, government procurement has become a common phenomenon, and the lowest bid often wins in government procurement. Facing all kinds of library suppliers, how to ensure the quality of books purchase? Starting with the analysis of the key problems in purchasing books of the library, the article analyses the core links, and puts forward some feasible countermeasures.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Library Science,Information Science >> Readers Work submitted time 2017-10-10
Abstract: Reader training is one of the library important works , and also is an important means that the library give full play to the supporting role. This article analyzes the problems existing in curriculum training mode, course training model and self-help training mode localization, and put forward some feasible countermeasures with the purpose of providing references for the library readers training planning and conducting. References6.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Library Science,Information Science >> Readers Work submitted time 2017-10-10
Abstract: Reader training is one of the library important work , and also is an important means that the library give full play to the supporting role. By narrating the whole reader training process of one readers’ training that Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Library, Chinese Academy of Science has had. the article emphasises on training work details and the important role that intelligence commissioner and self-help training platform play in the training work, and provides reference for library reader training.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Library Science,Information Science >> Readers Work submitted time 2017-10-10
Abstract: Reader training is one of the library important work , By narrating the whole reader training process of one readers’ training, the article emphasises on training work details and the important role that intelligence commissioner and self-help training platform play in the training work, and provides reference for library reader training.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Library Science,Information Science >> Bibliography submitted time 2017-10-10
Abstract: Modern publishing and library resources high-quality construction eagerly need new, comprehensive and accurate Chinese offer booklist spreading openly and in timely, however the exploration of the Chinese offer booklist suffered several setbacks from 1983 to 2014, and still did not succeed. On the basis of systematic examination, the article analyzes the deep cause of the failure of the offer booklist commercial mode in China, and points out the developing direction and practical implementation strategy of the Chinese offer booklist construction, so as to promote the real Chinese offer booklist platform construction and serving the society efficiently at an early date.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Library Science,Information Science >> Readers Work submitted time 2017-10-10
Abstract: Electronic document delivery is increasingly becoming an important adjunct of library literature resources development service. Domestic Regional Library Document Delivery has presented a certain scale, however, the sustainable and healthy development of document delivery are facing more and more prominent problems, of which the legal transfer, the balance of interests between the libraries, transfer efficiency are becoming bottlenecks. Based on analysis of these key issues, the article puts forward some feasible countermeasures, mainly including obtaining publisher authorization, establishing interests balancing mechanism between libraries, and improving the fill rate and efficiency. The author’s purpose is to provide a reference for the efficient implementation of the library document delivery.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Energy Science >> Energy Science (General) submitted time 2017-03-22 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract:近年来,美国、欧盟都陆续启动了微生物组相关的研究项目。但微生物组大数据的收集、存储、功能挖掘和开发利用一直是制约微生物组发展的核心问题。文章分析了我国目前在微生物组数据管理中存在着标准不统一、缺乏跨领域的数据整合、高质量的参考数据库和数据的深度挖掘技术等问题,提出适时启动“中国微生物组”计划,建立中国微生物组数据中心,在微生物组数据标准化的基础上,建立微生物组大数据计算、存储和共享平台,开发微生物组大数据挖掘的新方法,实现我国微生物组数据资源的系统管理和高效利用。