Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-12-19 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Suriana maritima (Surianaceae) is a coastal ornamental plant species distributing only on the South China Sea Islands in China, at present. In order to understand the ecological and biological characteristics of S. maritima, and provide a theoretical basis for its protection, development and utilization, we investigated the morphological and anatomical structure of stem and leaf, the antioxidant enzyme activity and osmotic adjustments contents in leaf of S. maritima, and nutrient element contents in leaf and the soil S. maritima growing on the Paracel Islands, by field investigation and sampling for analysis. The results showed that S. maritima have small and thick leaf, well-developed palisade tissue, and low stomatal density (8.64 n·mm-2), which make it easy to maintain water in the body and suitable for drought and high saline-alkali environment. The chlorophyll content (0.76 mg·g-1) of the leaf was low, the total antioxidant capacity (589.50 U·g-1) and proline content (1 123.64 μg·g-1) were high, indicating that S. maritima had high photosynthetic utilization efficiency and strong antioxidant capacity. Though the nutrient in natural growing soil was poor, the contents of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in leaf of S. maritima were relatively high (490.27, 18.10, and 3.81 g·kg-1, respectively), indicating a high nutrient utilization efficiency and good adaptability of S. maritima to poor soil. Therefore, S. maritima had a good adaptability to the environment of strong radiation, drought, high saline-alkali and poor soil on tropical coral islands, and could be used as a tool species for revegetation and landscaping on tropical coral islands.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-04-13 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The research on the adaptabilities of invasive plants to their growing environments is the base to explore their invasiveness. The tropical coral islands of the Paracel Islands have the harsh environmental conditions of high salt and alkali soil, high temperature, strong sunlight, and drought. In recent years, the invasion of Chromolaena odorata occurred in some native plant communities on the Paracel Islands, which may cause serious harm to its fragile forest ecosystem. In order to understand the ecophysiological adaptabilities of C. odorata to the tropical coral islands, we investigated the morphological, physiological characteristics and the nutrient contents in the leaves of C. odorata growing in the suburbs of Wenchang City and forest gaps on the Paracel Islands. The results showed that the plants of C. odorata growing in the Paracel Islands had thicker leaves, lower stomatal density, lower chlorophyll-a and malondialdehyde contents, higher level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities than that growing in Wenchang City, which are beneficial to acclimate to the adverse environments of strong light and seasonal drought, and may cause greater invasiveness of the plants. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and control of C. odorata during the process of protection and restoration on the vegetation of the tropical coral islands.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2020-10-20 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：南海珊瑚岛礁自然植被由于人类干扰和环境变化出现了退化现象，急需进行植被恢复重建。抗风桐作为南海珊瑚岛礁的优势种，在防风固沙以及植被生态恢复等方面发挥着重要作用。该研究以抗风桐带腋芽茎段为外植体，研究不同基本培养基、激素对其不定芽增殖和活性炭对生根、移栽的影响，以建立其种苗快速繁殖和植株再生体系。结果表明：MS 基本培养基适合于丛生芽的诱导和增殖，最佳继代培养周期为�60 d，最佳的不定芽增殖培养基为�MS + 6-BA 2.0 mg·L-1 + NAA 0.1 mg·L-1，培养�60 d 后增殖倍数达�5.52；不定芽在�MS +1.0 mg·L-1 IBA 培养基中生根率为�96.0%，在生根培养基添加�1.6 g·L-1 活性炭后其生根率下降至�42.4%；以添加活性炭生根培养获得的组培苗进行移栽成活率高达�93.9%，而不添加活性炭生根培养的组培苗移栽成活率仅为�78.3%。研究结果可为抗风桐种苗的离体快繁和珊瑚岛礁的植被恢复奠定技术基础。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2020-09-15 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：南沙群岛土壤主要以珊瑚砂为主，由于其光照强、土壤水分和养分贫瘠等环境条件，导致很少植物能够在岛上正常生长。为了快速恢复南沙岛礁的植被，需要筛选出抗旱性强的植物并进行引种。海岸桐（Guettarda speciosa）是一种典型的热带海岸植物，在海岛和海岸带防风固沙及植被生态恢复等方面发挥着重要作用。该研究以西沙永兴岛自然环境下的海岸桐为研究材料，对其形态解剖学特征、抗氧化能力、抗逆性物质含量及营养元素含量等进行了研究。结果表明：随着干旱程度增强，海岸桐栅栏组织与海绵组织的比值和叶片厚度等结构都会增加，能有效减少植物体内水分的流失，节水能力较强；其体内的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性快速增加，脯氨酸含量也不断增加，证明海岸桐有较强的抵御干旱的调节能力；其根部营养物质含量少但叶片营养物质含量高，叶绿素总含量减少的速度慢，说明海岸桐能够高效利用养分且受干旱胁迫的损害程度小。综合可见，海岸桐抗旱能力强，能在土壤水分的环境下正常生长，可引种于南沙岛礁。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2018-10-26 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：银毛树（Tournefortia argentea）为紫草科紫丹属常绿小乔木或灌木，是东半球热带海岸和海岛常见的先锋植物，具有重要的生态、观赏和食用价值。为掌握银毛树对热带珊瑚岛环境的生态适应机理及其保护和开发利用提供基础资料，本研究以西沙群岛东岛自然生长的银毛树为对象，对其形态解剖结构、生理学特征、叶片营养元素和根际土壤的理化性质等进行分析，研究结果表明：银毛树具有叶表面气孔密度低、比叶面积小、海绵组织发达、枝条的空腔比高等特点，具有较好的储水抗旱能力；其叶片表面有厚密白色绢毛覆盖，可以反射强光、降低水分散失，利于其适应强光和干旱环境。银毛树叶片的脯氨酸含量较高，能够很好的抵抗渗透胁迫，为细胞提供良好的生存环境。银毛树生长的土壤呈强碱性，养分和水分含量较低，但其叶片营养元素含量正常，表明其对土壤养分的利用率高，能够很好的适应瘠薄的土壤环境。银毛树木质部密度低，枝干脆弱易折，可防止被大台风连根拔起，同时枝干含水丰富，利于其抵抗台风及树冠的快速恢复。因此，银毛树能较好适应干旱、强光和瘠薄的滨海沙滩环境，在热带珊瑚岛（礁）或滨海地区防风固沙及植被恢复方面有较好的应用前景。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2018-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：热带珊瑚岛由于光照强、季节性干旱明显、土壤贫瘠、保水能力差而少有植物生长。草海桐（Scaevola sericea）是一种典型的热带滨海植物，是西沙群岛珊瑚岛植被中的主要建群种，在海岛和海岸带防风固沙及植被生态恢复等方面发挥重要作用。该文对西沙群岛自然环境下草海桐的形态解剖学特征、抗氧化能力、抗逆性物质含量及营养元素含量等进行了研究，结果发现：草海桐具有阳生性植物特征，叶片及上表皮厚、气孔密度小、导管直径及水力导管直径大，有利于其适应珊瑚岛干旱环境；其体内的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性相较于其他受胁迫植物高，脱落酸含量也较高，表明草海桐对珊瑚岛环境具有较强的适应性及抗逆性；其根际土壤养分含量偏低，但植物体内营养元素含量较高，表明草海桐对土壤养分的利用效率高。研究结果表明，草海桐能够很好地适应干旱、贫瘠的珊瑚砂环境，具有较强的抗逆及适应能力，这为草海桐的引种驯化及开发利用提供了重要基础资料。
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