Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals is a major strategic decision made by the Chinese government, which will bring extensive and profound systemic changes for the economy and society. S&T is the core driving force that supports the goal of carbon neutrality. On the basis of the related concepts of carbon neutrality, this study analyzes the strategic actions and the characteristics of technological layout of carbon neutrality in developed countries/regions and international organizations. Major countries have promoted carbon neutrality through legislative regulation, energy strategies, technology roadmaps, carbon markets and other policy actions. They focus on deploying transformative green low-carbon technologies, such as hydrogen, CCUS, renewable energy, energy storage, nuclear energy, and clean power, to seize the technological commanding heights of the future green industrial revolution. Based on the two fundamental paths of achieving carbon neutrality — “emission reduction”, “increasing sinks”, and three research directions—“building a zero-carbon energy system”, “rebuilding low-carbon industrial processes”, and “ecological carbon sequestration and increasing sinks/negative emissions”, this study puts forward 14 important scientific issues aiming to guide more than 70 key technological breakthroughs. On the basis of all findings, 6 suggestions are proposed for China’s carbon neutrality strategy and technological layout as they are (1) strengthen the top-level design and scientific planning of the action plan for carbon neutrality; (2) accelerate the construction of the technology supporting system for carbon neutrality; (3) establish a zero#2;carbon energy system and a new power system; (4) accelerate the construction of the low-carbon industrial system; (5) promote the prospective applications of negative carbon emission technologies and the ecological carbon sequestrations; (6) Enhance the application of systematic solutions in carbon neutral strategic actions.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Currently, the global energy system is shifting from the absolute dominance of fossil energy to the transition of lowcarbon and multi-energy. The global energy production and consumption revolution is constantly deepening, and emerging industries and new formats continue to grow and develop. In the process of energy transformation, major developed countries take science and technology innovation as the forerunner and take system reform as the starting point. They are committed to solving major strategic problems, such as green energy and low carbon transition, multi-energy complementary coupling utilization, deep electrification, and smart energy network construction. Based on these, they can build a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient modern energy system, and strive for the competitive strengths of energy science and technology revolution and industrial transformation. At the same time, energy technology innovation is in a highly active period, and emerging energy technologies are accelerating at an unprecedented rate, with a number of disruptive technologies spawning. This study systematically sorts out the major strategic plannings for energy science and technology developed by major developed countries and regions, as well as analyzes the progresses and important achievements of energy technology, which can help to accurately grasp the evolving technology directions. Finally, it proposes several constructive recommendations for the development of energy science and technology in China.
Hits
Hits
Downloads
Comment