Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-06-07 Cooperative journals: 《天文学进展》
Abstract： Coronal mass ejection (CME) is the large scale magnetized plasmoid ejected from the Sun, which brings huge amount of magnetic flux and plasma into interplanetary space. An earthward CME will interact with the magnetosphere of the Earth and invokes the substorm and the other phenomena of the space weather as it approaches to the Earth. The 2-dimansional data provided by the current observational techniques cannot describe the true magnetic structure and the plasma distribution of CMEs comprehensively. We need to look into the 3-dimensional structure and the associated three components of CME speeds in order to predict the time when an ICME reaches the Earth and the potential consequent impact on the Earth and the nearby environment. In this paper, 3D reconstruction methods of CME based on existing imaging observations are introduced, including two kinds of reconstruction methods based on coronagraph data and heliosphere imager data and CME-driven shock wave 3D reconstruction methods with high correlation with CME imaging reconstruction. Each method shows apparent advantages in dealing with specific events, but its weakness and necessary constrains to its applications exist as well. Results obtained via various methods are compared in this work, and we found that CME velocities and moving directions deduced from these methods are fairly close to one another, which shows high reliability of these methods. Finally, the hot topics related to the 3-dimanesional reconstruction of CME (ICME) and the relevant development in reconstructing methods are also discussed.
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2020-10-26 Cooperative journals: 《天文研究与技术》
Abstract：利用发射到平流层的球载太阳望远镜来观测太阳磁场演化和监视太阳活动有着得天独厚的优势。首先，在平流层中，球载太阳望远镜对太阳的观测不受来自地球对流层大气中天气现象的干扰，处于无视宁度影响的环境中。这为获取高质量的太阳图像提供了优越的条件。其次，平流层的空气已经十分稀薄，对紫外线的吸收也大为减弱。球载太阳望远镜能够在近紫外波段观测太阳活动和爆发。第三，球载太阳望远镜可以通过回收、升级和再利用来降低其使用成本并提高望远镜的利用率，远比空间观测经济实惠。利用球载太阳望远镜开展对太阳的观测研究在欧美已经有半个多世纪的历史。本文简要地回顾了太阳观测的球载任务发展历史，包括在这期间积累的非常丰富的仪器研制和观测经验，详细地介绍欧洲“日出”(SUNRISE)球载任务的仪器搭载、大量的高分辨观测数据和一系列在此基础上完成的高质量的科研成果，为我国球载望远镜的研制提供重要参考。
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