Subjects: Psychology >> Clinical and Counseling Psychology submitted time 2023-09-26
Abstract： The core feature of major depressive disorder, as defined in the DSM-5, is persistent emotional disturbances characterized by excessive sadness and drastically reduced pleasant emotional experiences. Recent research on emotion dynamics has emphasized that the emotion dysregulation in major depressive disorder goes beyond increased negative emotional intensity and decreased positive emotional intensity. It is also manifested as abnormal patterns of emotion dynamics. A total of 18 studies were included in this systematic review, which utilized ecological momentary assessment to explore everyday emotion dynamics in major depressive disorder. The key findings are as follows: (1) Patients with depression have greater negative emotion fluctuations compared with the healthy control group. These fluctuations were manifested as greater negative emotion variability and instability. (2) Depressed patients exhibit a rigid and inflexible emotional system, characterized by greater negative emotion inertia and denser emotion networks. (3) Depressed patients exhibit abnormalities in emotional reactivity. This is reflected as the mood brightening effect after positive events and greater negative emotion reactivity after negative events. (4) Patients with depression experience a decreased complexity in their emotional system. This is manifested as a lower level of emotion differentiation. Furthermore, patients with remitted depression also exhibit some degree of emotion dysregulation. This review is the first to comprehensively elucidate the primary features of emotion dysregulation in major depressive disorder from the perspective of emotion dynamics. These features provide potential intervention targets with high ecological validity for individualized treatment and relapse prevention of depression.
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