分类： 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间： 2017-11-10
摘要：The width of three-body single-pion decay process d∗ → NNπ0,± is calculated by using the d∗ wave function obtained from our chiral SU(3) constituent quark model calculation. The effect of the dynamical structure on the width of d∗ is taken into account in both the single ∆∆ channel and cou-pled ∆∆+CC two-channel approximations. Our numerical result shows that in the coupled-channel approximation, namely, the hidden-color configuration being considered, the obtained partial decay width of d∗ → NNπ is about several hundred KeV, while in the single ∆∆ channel it is just about 2 ∼ 3 MeV. We, therefore, conclude that the partial width in the single-pion decay process of d∗ is much smaller than the widths in its double-pion decay processes. Our prediction may provide a criterion for judging different interpretations of the d∗ structure, as different pictures for the d∗ may result quite different partial decay width.
分类： 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间： 2017-11-10
摘要：A detailed theoretical derivation of the cross sections of e+e− → e+e− and e+e− → µ+µ− around the J/ψ resonance is reported. The resonance and interference parts of the cross sections, related to J/ψ resonance parameters, are calculated. Higher-order corrections for vacuum polarization and initial-state radiation are consid-ered. An arbitrary upper limit of radiative correction integration is involved. Full and simplified versions of analytic formulae are given with precision at the level of 0.1% and 0.2%, respectively. Moreover, the results obtained in the paper can be applied to the case of the ψ(3686) resonance.
分类： 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间： 2017-11-10
摘要：We propose a new model to create a light meson in the heavy quarkonium transition, which is inspired by the Nambu−Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model. Hadronic transitions of JPC = 1−− higher char-monia with the emission of an η meson are studied in the framework of the proposed model. The model shows its potential to reproduce the observed decay widths and make predictions for the unobserved channels. We present our predictions for the decay width of Ψ → J/ η and Ψ → hc(1P )η, where Ψ are higher S and D wave vector charmonia, which provide useful references to search for higher char-monia and determine their properties in forthcoming experiments. The predicted branching fraction B( (4415) → hc(1P )η) = 4.62 × 10−4 is one order of magnitude smaller than the J/ η channel. Esti-mates of partial decay width Γ(Y → J/ η) are given for Y (4360), Y (4390) and Y (4660) by assuming them as cc¯ bound states with quantum numbers 33D1, 33D1 and 53S1, respectively. Our results are in favor of these assignments for Y (4360) and Y (4660). The corresponding experimental data for these Y states has large statistical errors which do not provide any constraint on the mixing angle if we introduce S −D mixing. To identify Y (4390), precise measurements on its hadronic branching fraction are required which are eagerly awaited from BESIII.
分类： 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间： 2017-11-10
摘要：Recently, the LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration published the second observation on gravitational wave GW151226 [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 241103 (2016)] from the binary black hole coalescence with initial masses about 14 M and 8 M. They claimed that the peak gravitational strain was reached at about 450 Hz, the inverse of which has been longer than the average time a photon staying in the Fabry-Perot cavities in two arms. In this case, the phase-difference of a photon in the two arms due to the propagation of gravitational wave does not always increase as the photon stays in the cavities. It might even be cancelled to zero in extreme cases. When the propagation effect is taken into account, we find that the claimed signal GW151226 would almost disappear.
分类： 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间： 2017-11-10
摘要：We construct charged black hole solutions with hyperscaling violation in the infrared(IR) region in Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton-Axion theory and investigate the temperature behavior of the ratio of holographic shear viscosity to the entropy density. When translational symmetry breaking is relevant in the IR, the power law of the ratio is testi ed numerically at low temperature T, namely, =s T , where the values of exponent coincide with the analytical results. We also nd that the exponent is not a ected by irrelevant current, but is reduced by the relevant current.
分类： 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间： 2017-11-10
摘要：If massive neutrinos are Dirac particles, the proposed PTOLEMY experiment will hopefully be able to discover cosmic neutrino background via e+3H ! 3He+e with a capture rate of D 4 yr1. Recently, it has been pointed out that right-handed com-ponents of Dirac neutrinos could also be copiously produced in the early Universe and become an extra thermal or nonthermal ingredient of cosmic relic neutrinos, enhancing the capture rate to D 5:1 yr1 or D 6:1 yr1. In this work, we investigate the possibility to distinguish between thermal and nonthermal spectra of cosmic relic neu-trinos by measuring the annual modulation of the capture rate. For neutrino masses of 0:1 eV, we have found the amplitude of annual modulation in the standard case is M 0:05%, which will be increased to 0:1% and 0:15% in the presence of additional thermal and nonthermal right-handed neutrinos, respectively. The future detection of such a modulation will be helpful in understanding the Majorana or Dirac nature of massive neutrinos.
分类： 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间： 2017-03-26
摘要：τ lepton is one of three chareged leptons in nature, the measurements of its mass have been performed since its discovery. The present relative accuracy is already at the level of 10−4; more factors are still being studied in order to increase the accuracy. However, the available techniques for analysis and expectable luminosity from e+e− collider indicate that the precision upper limit of τ mass is almost reached, which means that brand new approaches should be looked for if the great improvement is yearned for.
分类： 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间： 2017-03-26
摘要：The study of the relative phase between strong and electromagnetic amplitudes is of great importance for understanding the dynamics of charmonium decays. The information of the phase can be obtained model-independently by fitting the scan data of some special decay channels, one of which is ψ′ → K+K−. To find out the optimal data taking strategy for a scan experiment in the phase study of ψ′ → K+K− decay, the minimization process is analyzed in detail from a theoretical point of view.
分类： 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间： 2017-03-26
摘要：The resonance parameters of the excited ψ-family resonances, namely the ψ(4040), ψ(4160), and ψ(4415), were determined by fitting the R-values measured by experiments. It is found that the previously reported leptonic partial widths of these states were merely one possible solutions among a four-fold ambiguity. By fitting the most precise experimental data on the R-values measured by the BES collaboration, this work presents all four sets of solutions. These results may affect the interpretation of the charmonium and charmonium-like states above 4 GeV/c2.
分类： 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间： 2017-03-26
摘要：Multiple solutions exist in many experimental situations when several interfering amplitudes are summed to fit experimentally measured distributions, such as cross sections, mass spectra, and/or the angular distributions. We show a few examples where multiple solutions are found, but only one solution is reported in the publications. Since there is no standard rule for choosing one among the solutions as the physics one, we propose a simple rule that agrees with what has been adopted in previous literatures: the solution corresponding to the minimal magnitudes of the amplitudes must be the physical solution. We suggest test this rule in the future analyses.
分类： 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间： 2017-03-26
摘要：The measurement of the exclusive light hadron decays of the ψ" in e+e- experiments with significant interference between the ψ" and continuum amplitudes is discussed. The radiative correction and the Monte Carlo simulation are studied. A possible to verify the destructive interference is proposed for the detectors with energy-momentum resolution of (1～2)%.
分类： 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间： 2017-03-26
HU Yuan-Chao
CAO Xing-Zhong
ZHANG Peng
TSUCHIDA Hidetsugu
XU Qiu
JIN Shuo-Xue
LU Er-Yang
LI Yu-Xiao
YU Run-Sheng
WANG Bao-Yi
WEI Long
摘要：Thermal aging effects on surface of 2.5 MeV Fe ion irradiated Fe-0.6%Cu alloy were investigated using positron annihilation techniques. The samples were irradiated at 573 K to a dose of 0.1 dpa. Their thermal aging was performed at 573 K for 5, 50, and 100 h. From the results of Doppler broadening measurement, an obvious trough could be seen in near surface region from the S parameters and inflection point form at S-W curves. This indicates changes in the annihilation mechanism of positrons in surface region after thermal aging. Coincident Doppler broadening indicates that the density of Cu precipitates in the thermal aged samples decreased, due to recovery of the vacancies. Keywords Fe-Cu alloy; Positron annihilation; Irradiation; Thermal aging
分类： 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间： 2017-03-26
摘要：Doppler broadening and Coincidence Doppler broadening of annihilation radiation experiments have been performed in three kinds of polyethylene glycol (PEG) membrane formed with different average molecular weight using the tunable monoenergy slow positron probe as a function of implantion energy. The obtained positron annihilation parameters are interpreted from two aspects: surface effect and differences in micro-structure or chemical environment of positron annihilation. The experimental results show that the regulation of densification of PEG molecular packing and distribution uniformity from the near surface layer to bulk region in film forming process can be well realized by changing its molecular weight. Combining a variable monoenergetic slow positron beam and these two positron annihilation spectroscopy methods are powerful tool to study positron annihilation characteristics and for polymeric thin-film fine structure analysis.
分类： 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间： 2017-03-26
摘要：Chitosan, CS, cross-linked with bivalent palladium has shown enhanced mechanical and thermal properties depending on the transformation of the structure at a microscopic scale. In the present study, CS directly cross-linked by palladium cation membranes (CS-cr-PM) were prepared through solution-casting method. The motion of chitosan chains was great suppressed after crosslinking, making a great reduce of swelling ratio by a water-swelling degree measurement, which led to molecular chain rigidity to be improvement. In order to investigate the chain packing at the molecular level in the ionic cross-linked CS system, the structure of chemically-crosslinked CS is investigated by means of the combined use of wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), Infrared measurements, and a combination of positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) and simultaneous coincidence Doppler broadening (CDB) spectroscopy offers coherent information on both the free-volume related sub-nano level molecular packing and the chemical surrounding of free volume nanoholes in CS-cr-PM as a function of palladium salt loading. The variations in free volume size and size distribution have been determined through the ortho-positroium (o-Ps) lifetime and its lifetime distribution. The studies showed that strong interaction between CS molecules and palladium cations results in the change of crystallinity in formed CS-cr-PM leading to variational chain packing density. Meanwhile, significant inhibition effects on positronium formation due to doping are observed, which could be interpreted in terms of the existence of chlorid ion. Applications of positron annihilation spectroscopy to study the microstructure and correlated positron annihilation characteristics in ionic cross-linked CS system are systematic discussed.
分类： 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间： 2017-03-26
摘要：Effects of deformed dislocation on helium retention in pure iron, including the helium atoms diffusion along the dislocation line and desorption from dislocation trapping sites, were investigated. The dislocation defect was introduced in specimens by cold-rolling, and then 5 keV helium ions were implanted into the deformed specimens. Slow positron beam technology and thermal desorption spectroscopy were used to investigate the evolution of dislocation defects and the desorption behavior of helium atoms under influence of dislocation. The behaviors of S-E, W-E and S-W plots indicate clearly that lots of helium atoms remain in the deformed specimen and helium atoms combining with dislocation change the distribution of electron density. The helium desorption plot indicates that dislocation accelerates helium desorption at 293 K-600 K and facilitates helium dissociation from HenVm (n/m=1.8) cluster.
分类： 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间： 2017-03-24
摘要：In order to study the fundamental processes of helium retention and thermal desorption from the structural material of future fusion reactors, thermal desorption measurements were performed to investigate helium trapping from defects in binary Fe9Cr model alloys irradiated by 3 keV and 0.2 keV He ions. Interstitial type dislocation loops, vacancies and vacancy clusters were produced by irradiation with 3 keV helium ions, which acted as the sink trapped the helium atoms. Helium thermal desorption peaks from dislocations, helium-vacancies were obtained by thermal desorption spectroscopy at ~ 540 篊, in the range from 205 篊 to 478 篊, respectively. Simple first order dissociation kinetics are used to estimate the activation energies associated with the desorption groups. A sharp desorption peak was observed at ~ 865 篊 due to the BCC-FCC phase transformation for specimens under all examined implantation conditions.
分类： 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间： 2016-09-22
摘要：The design and performance analysis of DC electron gun for 5045 S-band klystron has been worked out using SLAC beam trajectory program (EGUN) and Computer Simulation Technology Particle Studio (CST-PS), Codes. Specifications of electron gun were focused on beam; current, perveance, size and emittance. Optimized beam; current, perveance, diameter and emittance were 414.00A, 2.00uP, 26.82 mm and 103.10 pi mm mrad, respectively. Furthermore, the optimized characteristic parameters of the gun were also calculated and compared with the simulated and experimental values which were in agreement. Accuracy of simulation was verified by comparison of emitted beam current which has error of zero percent.
分类： 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间： 2016-09-20
摘要：Recently, both ATLAS and CMS collaborations at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have announced their observations of an excess of diphoton events around the invariant mass of 750 GeV with a local significance of 3.6σ and 2.6σ, respectively. In this paper, we interpret the diphoton excess as the on-shell production of a real singlet scalar in the pp→S→γγ channel. To accommodate the observed production rate, we further introduce a vector-like fermion F, which is carrying both color and electric charges. The viable regions of model parameters are explored for this simple extension of the Standard Model (SM). Moreover, we revisit the problem of electroweak vacuum stability in the same scenario, and find that the requirement for the electroweak vacuum stability up to high energy scales imposes serious constraints on the Yukawa coupling of the vector-like fermion and the quartic couplings of the SM Higgs boson and the new singlet scalar. Consequently, a successful explanation for the diphoton excess and the absolute stability of electroweak vacuum cannot be achieved simultaneously in this economical setup.
分类： 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间： 2016-09-19
摘要：Spent nuclear fuel (SNF) antineutrino flux is an important source of uncertainties for a reactor neutrino flux prediction. However, if one want to determine the contribution of spent fuel, many data are needed, such as the amount of spent fuel in the pool, the time after discharged from the reactor core, the burnup of each assembly, and the antineutrino spectrum of the isotopes in the spend fuel. A method to calculate the contribution of SNF is proposed in this study. In this method, reactor simulation code verified by experiment have been used to simulate the fuel depletion by taking into account more than 2000 isotopes and fission products, the quantity of SNF in each six spend fuel pool, and the antineutrino spectrum of SNF varying with time after SNF discharged from core. Results show that the contribution of SNF to the total antineutrino flux is about 0.26%~0.34%, and the shutdown impact is about 20%. The SNF spectrum would distort the softer part of antineutrino spectra, and the maximum contribution from SNF is about 3.0%, but there is 18\% difference between line evaluate method and under evaluate method. In addition, non-equilibrium effects are also discussed, and the results are compatible with theirs considering the uncertainties.
分类： 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间： 2016-09-19
摘要：The recent reported 750 GeV diphoton excess at the 13 TeV LHC is explained in the framework of effective field theory assuming the diphoton resonance is a scalar (pseudoscalar) particle. It is found that the large production rate and the broad width of this resonance are hard to simultaneously explain if only visible final states are considered. Therefore an invisible decay channel to dark matter (DM) is strongly favored by the diphoton excess with a broad width, given a large coupling of the new scalar to DM. We set constraints on the parameter space in this scenario using the results from LHC Run 1, DM relic density, and DM direct and indirect detection experiments. We find that the DM searches can exclude a large portion of the parameter regions accounting for the diphoton excess with a broad width.
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