Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2024-05-18 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： As a strategic and policy research and decision-making consulting institution, the international influence of think tanks is an important manifestation of a country’s soft power and an important component of its comprehensive national strength in the era of globalization. Enhancing international communication power of think tanks is a key measure for shaping their international influence and an important strategy for a country’s external communication. In today’s era, international social media, as an important channel for think tanks to spread abroad, strengthening the communication power of Chinese think tanks in international social media is the main direction to enhance their international influence. This study analyzes the opportunities brought by the social media era to the international dissemination of Chinese think tanks, compares the differences between current Chinese think tanks and internationally renowned think tanks by using international social media for external dissemination, and then proposes effective approaches to enhance the international dissemination capacity of Chinese think tanks in the social media era based on the Chinese context. The results will provide reference and inspiration for the construction of international communication for Chinese think tanks, especially for enhancing their international communication power through international social media. This study finds that there is a certain gap between Chinese think tanks and foreign think tanks in terms of international communication power. In the social media era, it is recommended that Chinese think tanks consider the international communication ability of think tanks as an important component of their core business capability system, build and strengthen the four key networks of think tanks: ideology, resources, information, dissemination, and implement combination strategy of internationalization, openness, academic circle, circle of friends, ideological power, macro issues, social media, popular broadcasters to enhance the international communication power of think tanks.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： In the 21st century, a new round of world scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation has accelerated. Especially after the international financial crisis, countries have strengthened their scientific and technological strategic layout and R&D investment. The international scientific and technological competition has become increasingly fierce, and science and technology policy has become a key factor determining the success or failure of technological competition. This study analyzes the historical evolution of policy documents such as science and technology planning, strategic guidelines and research reports issued by the U.S. government and the long-term R&D input data of the federal government in the past two decades, with a view to revealing the development and evolution characteristics of the U.S. science and technology policy, and thus providing a certain explanation for the relative decline of the U.S. science and technology leading position. It shows that the relative decline of the United States’ global leadership in science and technology is closely related to the relatively stable development of science and technology policies, the weakening of strategic leadership of major science and technology plans, the year-on-year decline of government R&D investment intensity and the decline of emphasis on frontier basic research. This has important implications for China’s scientific and technological development: scientific and technological development is not only a long-term strategic undertaking, but also a highly competitive undertaking. The improvement of scientific and technological competitiveness is the result of the national long-term scientific and technological strategy-oriented layout, the steady increase in R&D investment intensity and the accumulation of major scientific and technological innovation breakthroughs.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Technology convergence is a significant means of technological innovation, plays an important role in economic and social development, and has gradually become an important part of the national science and technology strategy. [Method/process] On the base of the summary of its concept and the clarification of its significance of technology convergence study, the paper pointed out its research stages, and made comparative analysis of the methods in data collection, technosphere identification and convergence analysis. [Result/conclusion] Finally, it concludes the shortages of existing studies and the further research directions, which can deepen the study on technology convergence.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Talent is the main factor in technology research. R&D teamsare the focus of technology development in various fieldsandimportant manifestation of the competence of an institution. [Method/process] Based on Derwent Innovation Index (DII) patent documents, the rules for the disambiguation of patent inventors’ names weredefined, and the key R&D teams were identified by inventors clustering. Then, an empirical study was carried out on patents related to Digital Light Process (DLP) of 3D printing. [Result/conclusion] It is shown that the disambiguation of patent inventors’ names is helpful to accurately analyze the number of inventors’ patents.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-08-27 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Science and technology innovation is an important strategic support for modern economic system. After the reform and opening up, in order to promote China's economic development, China government introduced and implemented a series of science and technology policy aims to promote the development of science and technology. However, how is the founding effect of these science and technology and policies, how the changes in founding effects in the historical cycle of science and technology policy have caused wide spread concern.[Method/process] This paper conducted an empirical research of the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars Earth Science Project that has been in operation for 20 years(JieQing fund) as an example. In order to overcome the endogeneity problem caused by sample selection bias,the study used DID model to assess the effect of fund for distinguished young on the research papers output efficiency of scientists, and put forward the "environment-motivation-behavior" model to explain the research result.[Result/conclusion] The empirical results show that between 1994 to 2008, the significant funding effect of JieQing fund reached 12 years, with a significant proportion 80%. Scientists who have received JieQing fund(JieQing Scientists) were able to published more 0.412 to 3.234 papers per year than those who have not received JieQing fund. After data conversion,compared with other scientists who in the same period(Same period Scientists) of JieQing Scientists, JieQing scientists can published more 0.426-3.277 papers per year. The largest funded effect of JieQing fund was in 2002, but the funding effect was not significant in 2007 and 2008. When evaluating the effect of science and technology policy support, the control group can be constructed by this method in this paper to achieve the research purpose of causal effect inference.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-08-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance]Under the environment of new technology, open science has got more and more attention, and the focus on international development of open science can provide support and reference for the promotion of open science in China.[Method/process]Through the internet survey and literature research, this paper reviews the open science and introduces the meaning of open science and the current driving factors, advantages and obstacles of the open science development.[Result/conclusion]The concept of open science presents multiformity and the scientific development needs, open science policy and practice projects of different institutions and countries are the main driving factors for the development of open science. The advantages of open science are gradually highlighted, such as increasing the speed and efficiency of scientific research, promoting the discovery of new problems, enhancing visibility and scope for engagement, promoting academic rigor and scientific research quality and enhancing collaboration and community-building. Besides the advantages, there are some factors hindering its development, such as lack of academicrewards and other incentives, culture of independent research and competitiveness, lack of knowledge, skills, intellectual property rights and other legal protection for open science.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-08-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] The conventional rule of the scientific productivity time series of research output is based on the overall average output of the researchers. Is the rule behalf of all rules of the individual's output? The question is not only the important content of scientific researchrule study but also the important content of science policy evaluation.[Method/process] The study object of the empirical analysis is the national science foundation for distinguished young scholars of the earth science project, and the method is piecewise linear regression model.[Result/conclusion] The results show that the overall output rules are not consistent with the individual output rules, and about 31.7% of all the individual output rules are not consistent with the overall output rules.The model can be used to the scientific policy evaluation which can accurate the scientific evaluation in scientists individual.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] The National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars Project (JieQing Fund) has implemented more than 25 years, all the JieQing winners presented the growing trend of older in age, researcher's age funding for heterogeneity about JieQing implement performance has great meaning in managing the JieQing Fund in future.[Method/process] The object of the empirical in the paper was JieQing Fund from 1994 to 2018 in Earth Science. The research built three evaluation indexes which included scientific research paper output efficiency, innovation ability and academical influence. And put forward the "Input of human capital in science and technology-output of scientific research" model to explain the research results. The research used DID model to overcome the sample selective bias which may have bad influence in inner problems, at last, the study researched the heterogeneity in age when implement the JieQing Fund.[Result/conclusion] The results show that there is older trend of aging and 45 years old phenomenon among the scientists. The JieQing Fund has been in place for 20 years. The proportion of hypothesis supports that the older the subsidy age is, the better the subsidy effect is lower. Among the three evaluation indexes, the years with the largest funding effect and the age between 39 and 42 years accounted for the largest proportion in the 20 years of the implementation of the JieQing Fund. Therefore, no matter from all the JieQing Fund purpose, three evaluation indexes, JieQing Fund should avoid older tendency, expand funding for young excellent talents.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Research collaboration is a collaborative research work between different scientific research subjects on specific scientific issues to achieve complementary advantages. International research collaboration is of great significance to promote research performance. Understanding the current research status of the impact of international collaboration on research performance will provide a reference for the future research.[Method/process] This paper analyzes the literature about the impact of international collaboration on research performance from research sample, analysis indicators and analysis method based on the definition of international collaboration and research performance.[Result/conclusion] The analysis results show that the research field is rich in results at present. Domestic and international scholars are mainly from the macro (country or regional, etc.), meso (fields or institutions, teams, etc.) and micro (individuals) -3 levels, using bibliometric, social network analysis and statistical analysis to study on the impact of international collaboration on research performance,with the help of rich international collaboration indicators (simple count indicators and single ratio indictors) and research performance indicators (quantity indicators, quality indictors and indictors like h-index). The research needs to be strengthened including studying at the level of scientists and broadening the analysis based on more research collaboration behaviors; exploring comprehensive indicators of research collaboration and research performance; creating targeted analysis models and controlling some important variables.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] The paper compared and analyzed the undergraduate and master education in Chinese and American universities to provide reference for future medical informatics education in China.[Method/process] Taking the opening time and college level as the selection criteria, 10 representative universities from China and the United States were selected as the research objects. Through online research, the paper comprehensively analyzed the general situation of medical informatics education in China and the United States from the aspects of basic requirements, curriculum, teacher strength, teaching methods and employment prospects.[Result/conclusion] Although China has made some achievements in medical informatics education after decades of exploration and practice, compared with the United States, China still has some shortcomings. In terms of basic requirements for admission, China mainly concentrates on the undergraduate education so that the high-level personnel training system is imperfect; in terms of curriculum, the content of courses is monotonous and the proportion of non-medical basic courses is too high, and the interdisciplinary integration is not obvious; in terms of teachers' strength, the teacher's subject background is single and the distribution of teachers' professional titles is unbalanced; in terms of education and teaching methods, the teaching methods are simple and there are fewer practical opportunities for students; in terms of employment prospects, students knowledge system is not systematic and the employment prospects are limited. Therefore, China should conform to the development requirements of the big data science research paradigm, speed up the cultivation of high-level medical informatics; improve the curriculum and content settings, broaden the scope of subject knowledge system; optimize the allocation of teachers to attract multi-disciplinary background talents; enrich training methods, and pay attention to the combination of theory and practice.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Combing the interdisciplinary research, summarizing the existing research problems, providing references for evaluating the effect of interdisciplinary research and promoting the development of interdisciplinary research. [Method/process] This paper first analyzed the related concepts of interdisciplinary research, and then, on the basis of the research at home and abroad, from the perspectives of interdisciplinary theoretical research(interdisciplinary research in talent development and education, types of interdisciplinary research, internal and external motivation and obstacles of interdisciplinary research), interdisciplinary measurement research(interdisciplinary measurement methods, interdisciplinary measurement indicators), interdisciplinary law research (interdisciplinary research impact two-way measurement, interdisciplinary research topic identification) to summarize it. At the end of the paper, pointing out the existing research deficiencies and putting forward the prospect for the future development. In this research, we can provide help for the follow-up research from the perspective of the combination of micro-deep analysis and macro-overall construction. [Result/conclusion] At present, there are some deficiencies in interdisciplinary research:the faculty and curriculum system need to be further optimized; the diversity of research objects needs to be improved; the interdisciplinary measurement methods and measurement indicators need to be systematized; the subject classification system needs to be further defined; the two-way influencing factors of interdisciplinary are not comprehensive; the subject identification methods are not complete; the qualitative and quantitative methods need to be combined with each other. Future research can be conducted in-depth analysis of the above deficiencies.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Exploring the influencing factors of behavioral intention can help the e-book industry develop faster. [Method/process] Based on UTAUT2, uses and gratifications theory as the framework, constructing a new theoretical model of influencing factors from two perspectives of demand satisfaction and other situational factors. This paper collected 1013 samples by questionnaire survey, and AMOS21 software to verify the rationality of the model. [Result/conclusion] The study find that demand satisfaction, reading habits, price value and social influence have a positive impact on behavioral intention, while facilitating conditions have a negative impact on it, and effort expectation has no significant impact on it. Based on the research result, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the development of e-book industry.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] The theoretical framework and development path of policy informatics are systematically combed and summarized, which can lay a solid theoretical and methodological foundation for policy science, bibliometrics and other related research.[Method/process] This paper clarified the development origin and conceptual connotation of policy informatics by relying on subject informatics, summarized the research content and research process of policy informatics in detail, and put forward a disciplinary system centered on the four aspects of theoretical basis, method technology, application practice and education management to promote the development of each other, and constructed a policy informatics research system from two aspects of theoretical foundation construction and knowledge map description.[Result/conclusion] Policy informatics mainly revolves around massive multi-source heterogeneous data, using methods such as bibliometric analysis, social network analysis, content analysis, text calculation and visualization, to carry out policy change process and evolution law, policy quantitative analysis and effectiveness evaluation, policy intergovernmental relations and policy games, and the relationship between policy research and science research. It needs to build a large professional field policy database, develop special policy analysis techniques and tools, carry out extensive and in-depth case studies, and form high-quality academic community.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] To explore the relationship between scientific research cooperation of outstanding scientists and their academic influence, this paper provides the basis for optimizing scientific research cooperation in the process of cultivating innovative talents. [Method/process] Unbalanced panel data analysis was used to study the relationship between cooperation indicators such as scale of cooperation, breadth of cooperation and cooperation roles of 242 British and American Nobel Prize winners in natural science from 1900 to 2018 and their academic influence. [Result/conclusion] Although the contribution of cooperative characteristics of papers published by non first authors to cooperative characteristics of the overall cooperative papers is greater than papers published by first authors, and the contribution of papers published by first authors to the academic influence of Nobel laureates is greater than papers published by non first authors. The cooperation scale of papers published by the first author is an effective cooperation scale for Nobel laureates, which is positively correlated with the academic influence of winners. More cooperation with different scholars is conducive to the improvement of Nobel laureates' academic influence. It is suggested that when studying the impact of the cooperative characteristics of scholars' papers on their academic performance, or even other related research with cooperative characteristics, the cooperative papers published by scholars as the first author and those papers published by non first authors should be studied separately, and it is possible to draw more meaningful conclusions.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/Significance] Sorting out the relevant researches of domestic and foreign research front, this paper summarizes the problems existing in the existing researches, and provides references for the identification of the research front in the subject field. [Method/Process] This paper first summarized the necessity of research front identification, then discriminated the relevant concepts. Subsequently, based on the investigation of domestic and foreign relevant researches, this paper classified it from two aspects of the research methods of research front identification and the new direction of research front identification, and finally put forward the existing research deficiencies and prospects for the future development. [Result/Conclusion] In terms of concept definition, the connotation of the research front is finally clarified by analyzing the series of concepts related to the research front from two perspectives of the time dimension and the definition scope. In terms of identification methods, classical research methods include direct citation, co-citation analysis, literature coupling, and word cluster-based methods for identifying research fronts; at the same time, research front identification based on multi-source data, multi-dimensional indicators and machine learning algorithms is a new direction of the future research. On the basis of the above analysis, this paper summarizes the shortcomings of different types of research front identification methods and the existing universal problems, and looks forward to the future research priorities.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/Significance] By studying the characteristics and laws of knowledge diffusion of scientific datasets, this paper explores the practical role of scientific datasets in the development of discipline fields, so as to provide references for scientific and technological evaluation and management policy-making of scientific datasets. [Method/Process] Taking the datasets of GEO database and the full-text data of reused dataset in PubMed Central Database as the analysis objects, this paper analyzed the knowledge diffusion characteristics of scientific datasets by using content analysis method combined with knowledge diffusion indicators such as diffusion breadth, diffusion intensity and diffusion speed. [Result/Conclusion] The results show that the breadth and intensity of knowledge diffusion of scientific datasets are increasing day by day. Reusing data can accelerate the speed of knowledge diffusion, and China’s position in the field of global scientific data is improving.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/Significance] This paper analyzes the use characteristics of scientific datasets from the perspective of quantitative analysis and content analysis, quantitatively evaluates the impact of scientific datasets on discipine development, and provides references for scientific data management services and policy research.[Method/Process] Methods of text mining and bibliometric were used to analyze the full-text literature in PubMed Central, this study comprehensively investigated the use of scientific datasets from 7 aspects such as time distribution and use intensity, and on this basis, evaluated the actual impact of scientific datasets on discipline development.[Result/Conclusion] The research results show that the influence of scientific datasets on scientific research in the biomedical field is increasing with each passing day. Data publishing and high-level journals promote the opening and sharing of scientific datasets. The use of scientific datasets is concentrated in the second half of the paper and there are few formal references. The corresponding standards and specifications need to be further strengthened.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： High Risk-High Reward (HRHR) research refers to scientific research with high risk of failure but characterized by breakthrough, innovation and originality. It truly reflects the original innovation ability of science and technology, is committed to bringing major scientific discoveries and technological breakthroughs, and is conducive to accelerating the improvement of national competitiveness in original science and technology. The theoretical and methodological research in this area will help improve science and technology policies. On the basis of clarifying its development background, conceptual connotation and characteristics, this paper discusses the construction of a “decision-funding#2;implementation” model of HRHR research and management system. By taking the HRHR projects of typical international scientific research institutions as case studies, it systematically analyzes, compares and summarizes the basic principles, review processes, advantages and disadvantages of representative academic review mechanisms such as peer-review model, project-manager model, and de-review model. Based on the innovation experience of foreign HRHR research projects, some suggestions are put forward: formulate HRHR research funding policies to promote original innovation; improve the academic review mechanism for selecting HRHR research; and create an excellent academic ecology that stimulates HRHR research development.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Basic research is the theoretical and knowledge source of all science and technology, the basis of applied research and experimental development, and plays an important role in national development and technological progress. This study takes five major scientific and technological powers (the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan) as the analysis object, “inputoutput-science and technology policy” as the analysis framework, compares from the intensity of scientific research input, especially the intensity of basic research input long-term time series trend analysis, to scientific research paper published, scientific research field international authoritative awards and the Nobel award, as well as the supportive policies and innovation policies of basic research of the scientific and technological powers. Analysis shows that the scientific and technological powers attach great importance to basic research, and its basic research investment intensity has been more than 10% in a long time. High investment in basic research has laid the foundation for major research outputs. Finally, this study puts forward some enlightenment suggestions for China to strengthen basic research and build a strong scientific and technological power.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The COVID-19 pandemic has catastrophically affected the economy, society, security, and health around the world, and it has also put forward the new requirements for the development of science and technology. Since then, many countries and regions, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan, Russia, and European Union, have tried to solve the “dangers” and seek the “opportunities” by applying and developing science and technology. Therefore, these countries and regions are ambitious on scientific and technological strategic arrangements in digital economy, cutting-edge technology, biosafety, climate and environment, in order to accelerate economic recovery. With the introduction of the new trends of science and technology strategies in these countries and regions, this study summarizes the common strategic layouts on paying attention to cutting-edge technologies, advancing the digital economy, focusing on biosafety and health, and emphasizing the protection of the climate and environment, which shows five features, as digital, intelligent, human-oriented, ecological and national. Thus, we put forward suggestions for China’s forward-looking strategic layout of science and technology development: getting rid of the impact of the pandemic with the self-reliance and independent development of science and technology; formulating a data strategy to promote economic and social digital transformation; focusing on life and health to vigorously promote the construction of Healthy China; changing the development mode and persisting green development on ecology.
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