Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2023-08-24 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To study the seed dormancy and germination mechanism of Xanthoceras sorbifolium, the seeds of four cultivars (‘Putong’(PT),‘Qihong’(QH), ‘Wofeng’(WF) and‘Woshi’(WS)) were stored at -20 ℃ for different periods (30, 60, 90, 120, 150 d). The seed germination indexes were determined in each treatment, and the changes of reserve substance and hormone content were also analyzed in three stages including before storage, after storage, and 7 days germination. The results were as follows: (1) Cold storage could significantly promote the germination rate (Gr) and germination potential of small seeds (PT, QH). The best treatment was cold storage for 60 days, and the Gr was to 48.3 % and 58.3%, respectively. The effect of cold storage on large seeds (WF and WS ) was lower than that of small seeds. (2) The kernel oil content, seed shell thickness (SST) in four cultivar seeds all decreased significantly during periods of cold storage and germination, especially in the 3-7 days of germination, the oil content and SST (except WS cultivar) decreased notably. However, water content in kernels increased rapidly within 1-3 days of germination and then slowly increased to the peak value at the 7th day. The contents of starch and soluble sugar in kernels increased significantly at the 3th or 4th day of germination. (3) Cold storage increased GA/ABA and tHor/ABA ratios in small seeds (PT, QH), promoted oil degradation, made seed shell thinning and break seed dormancy. In conclusion, the main factors leading to dormancy in Xanthoceras sorbifolium seeds are large in size, higher shell thickness and hardness, physiological post-ripening, and belongs to comprehensive dormancy type. Cold storage at -20 ℃ for 60 d could improve the germination rate of PT, QH and WF seeds, reduces dormancy degree, while the cold storage time of WS seeds needs prolonging to 150 days. The method using -20 ℃ storage with wet sand germination is a rapid and simple method to promote Xanthoceras sorbifolium seeds germination. This study provides a reference for the promotion of superior varieties and the research on the seed breaking dormancy mechanism in Xanthoceras sorbifolium.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2022-12-01 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：
Quercus gilva is a precious timber tree species in middle subtropical China. In order to investigate the phenotypic diversity, phenotypic variation pattern and the major geographic and climatic factors influencing phenotypic variation of Q. gilva populations, 15 growth and leaf traits of 115 individuals from 14 natural populations were measured and then the phenotypic diversity, variation pattern and the correlation between phenotypic variation and geographic and climatic factors were studied using nested analysis of variance, phenotypic differentiation coefficient, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results were as follows (1) The average variation coefficient and the average Shannon-Wiener index of 15 phenotypic traits were 35.07% and 1.998, respectively. Variation coefficient and Shannon-Wiener index of 14 populations ranged from 14.94% (Dongkou) to 35.56% (Longshan) and from 1.127 (Songyang) to 1.980 (Changning), respectively. These results indicated that Q. gilva showed a relatively high level of phenotypic diversity. (2) Significant differences in 15 phenotypic traits were found among and within populations (P<0.01), with an average phenotypic differentiation coefficient of 41.49%. This elucidated that the phenotypic variation within populations was greater than that among populations. (3) Correlation analysis showed that there were significant correlations among parts of the traits, whereas no correlation was found between phenotypic traits and geographic factors. Precipitation was the major factor that influenced the phenotypic traits of Q. gilva. (4) Principle component analysis indicated that the first four principal components explained 82.96% of total phenotypic contribution rate of Q. gilva. (5) Cluster analysis revealed that 14 Q. gilva populations were divided into three groups according to their different leaf and petiole size, which was not related to the geographic distribution of populations. This study provides scientific basis for the protection and utilization of Q. gilva germplasm resources, and lays an important foundation for 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（32201589）；湖南省自然科学基金（2021JJ41069）；湖南省林业科技创新 资金项目（XLKY202218）；福建省公益类科研院所专项（2022R1010007）[Supported by National Natural Science Foundation (32201589); Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2021JJ41069); Forestry Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Hunan Forestry Department (XLKY202218); Public Research Institutes Special Project of Fujian Province (2022R1010007)]。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-12-19 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Melia azedarach is widely distributed in China and has a wide range of genetic variation. In order to study the growth characters of 1-year-old seedlings of M. azedarach from different seed sources, the growth characters of seedling height, ground diameter, compound leaf growth and biomass accumulation of M. azedarach seedlings from 15 seed sources were observed, and the growth rhythm was fitted by logistic equation. The results were as follows: (1) There were significant differences in seedling height, ground diameter, root biomass, stem biomass and compound leaf correlation between different habitats(P<0.05 or P<0.01). (2) The growth of seedling heights and ground diameters showed a slow-fast-slow growth pattern with type S. Compared with the emergence time of seedling height growth peak, the emergence time of ground diameter growth peak was later. (3) The R2 of logistic fitting equation was 0.976-0.994, which reached the highly significant correlation level, indicating that the growth rhythm of M. azedarach could be fitted by logistic equation. (4) According to theoretical calculation and practical observation, the duration of fast-growing stage of ground diameter was generally 20-30 d longer than that of high-speed growth stage of seedling. The time of seedling heights and ground diameters entering fast-growing stage and ending fast-growing stage in northern locality was earlier than that in southern locality. The cumulative growth of seedling height and ground diameter in fast-growing stage was more than 60% of the total growth.（5）All though traits were negatively correlated with latitude, seedling height, biomass of root and leaf area were positively correlated with longitude, the other traits were negatively correlated with longitude. In general, M. azadarach begongs to full-time growth type with significant differences in growth traits among seed sources. The growth was regulated by latitude and longitude, mainly by latitude .
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2020-03-24 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：为探索苦楝应对盐胁迫的响应机制和为苦楝在盐碱地区的推广应用提供理论参考。该研究以一年生苦楝（Melia azedarach）实生苗为材料，在盆栽条件下设置中性盐Na2SO4和碱性盐Na2CO3 3个盐浓度（200、400和600 mmol·L-1）处理40 d，研究苦楝的抗盐碱水平及在不同程度盐碱胁迫条件下的生长及光合生理变化。结果表明，随着盐浓度的提高，苦楝的苗高、地径和生物量的增长量均呈现下降趋势，且碱性盐胁迫条件下降程度更大，盐胁迫提高苦楝的根冠比。处理10 d时，苦楝幼苗的所有光合指标随中性盐和碱性盐浓度的提高呈相似的下降特征，碱性盐胁迫条件下的降低幅度显著大于中性盐胁迫，且随处理时间的增加，中性盐和碱性盐处理下苦楝幼苗的净光合速率和蒸腾速率显著降低。随着盐浓度的提高，苦楝的叶绿素含量呈现下降趋势，200 mmol·L-1盐胁迫对叶绿素含量影响较小，400和600 mmol·L-1盐碱胁迫均对叶绿素含量有显著影响。600 mmol·L-1碱性盐胁迫条件下，苦楝叶片相对电导率和饱和水分亏缺最高，显著高于其余处理。同等浓度下，碱性盐胁迫的苦楝叶片相对电导率和饱和水分亏缺显著高于中性盐胁迫处理。由此可见，苦楝具有一定的耐盐碱能力，碱性盐比中性盐对苦楝幼苗的影响更大。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-20 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究并比较元宝枫叶发酵前后对育肥猪生产性能、肉品质和肠道菌群的影响。选用48头体重相近的育肥猪（公母各占1/2），随机分为3个组，每组4个重复，每个重复4头猪。对照（CON）组饲喂基础饲粮，未发酵元宝枫叶（UFA）组和发酵元宝枫叶（FA）组饲粮分别在基础饲粮中用12%未发酵元宝枫叶和发酵元宝枫叶粉末替代等量的麸皮。预试期7 d，正试期63 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，未发酵元宝枫叶组和发酵元宝枫叶组育肥猪的平均日增重（ADG）和肌肉的红度值显著增加（P<0.05），肌肉的剪切力显著降低（P<0.05）；发酵元宝枫叶组的红度值与未发酵元宝枫叶组相比显著增加（P<0.05）；发酵元宝枫叶组的系水力显著高于对照组和未发酵元宝枫叶组（P<0.05）。2）与对照组相比，发酵元宝枫叶组育肥猪肌肉中亚麻酸、花生烯酸、单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）、多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的含量和多不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸（PUFA/SFA）显著增加（P<0.05），硬脂酸、花生酸和饱和脂肪酸（SFA）含量显著降低（P<0.05）；发酵元宝枫叶组的亚麻酸和MUFA含量显著高于未发酵元宝枫叶组（P<0.05）。3）与对照组和未发酵元宝枫叶组相比，发酵元宝枫叶组育肥猪直肠内容物中大肠杆菌数量显著降低（P<0.05），乳酸杆菌数量显著增加（P<0.05）。综上，饲粮中添加发酵元宝枫叶能在一定程度上改善育肥猪的生产性能、肉品质和肠道健康。
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