Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2017-09-08 Cooperative journals: 《智库理论与实践》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper aims to clarify the status and role of the Federation of Social Sciences in the construction of the system of new types of think tanks. [Method/process] This paper observed the role and possible role of the Federation of Social Sciences in the system of new types of think tanks from three theoretical perspectives. It analyzed the function of the Federation of Social Sciences in this system from three realistic dimensions, and summarized the policy design and exploration about the role of the central and provincial Federations of Social Sciences in the construction of the system of new types of think tanks at the practical level. [Result/conclusion] The Federation of Social Sciences should find its position according to its functions in the construction of the system of new types of think tanks, focus on the construction of tractive, pivotal and platformbased think tanks, and better play the role of seven aspects.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2017-03-22 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract：微生物组是指一个特定环境或者生态系统中全部微生物及其遗传信息，包括其细胞群体和数量、全部遗传物质（基因组），它界定了涵盖微生物群及其全部遗传与生理功能，其内涵包括了微生物与其环境和宿主的相互作用。微生物组学是一个崭新的学科，微生物组研究取得的成果，必将为国家经济社会发展、人类生活质量改善提供源源不断的创新活力。因此，微生物组学也是一个世界各国争相发展的战略性科技领域，美国、日本等发达国家已经部署了支持微生物组研究的国家计划。在分析国内发展现状的基础上，结合我国发展过程中的国家需求，文章分析了我国微生物组研究面临的机遇和挑战，提出了部署中国微生物组计划“国家需求导向、科学假设驱动、技术创新支撑”的基本原则。建议设立中国微生物组计划国家重点研发计划；探讨了中国微生物组计划的重点领域和内容，涉及健康、环境、工农业和海洋等领域。希望通过中国微生物组计划的实施，主导国际大科学计划并强化我国在相应领域的话语权，显著提升我国科技创新和科技成果转化能力，催生一批基于颠覆性技术的战略性新兴产业，为我国经济社会发展和人类文明进步作出应有的贡献。
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2024-05-10 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background Hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea（OSA）often coexist，posing challenges in the management of blood pressure in these patients. A reliable and objective predictor is needed to anticipate the occurrence of hypertension and assess the status of blood pressure control in OSA patients，which would facilitate their blood pressure management. Objective To explore the correlation between red blood cell distribution width（RDW） and hypertension in patients with OSA. Methods A retrospective study was conducted at the Sleep Center of Peking University International Hospital，involving 510 patients who were diagnosed with OSA using polysomnography between January 2019 and September 2022. The derivation cohort comprised of 370 enrolled patients between January 2019 and December 2021，while the validation cohort included the remaining 140 patients enrolled between January and September 2022. Within the derivation cohort，patients were categorized into two groups based on their adherence to the definition of hypertension：hypertension group（n=211） and non-hypertension group（n=159）. Subsequently，the hypertension group was further divided into two subgroups：blood pressure control subgroup（n=107）and blood pressure uncontrolled subgroup（n=104）. The clinical characteristics and laboratory examination results of patients in the hypertension group and non-hypertension group，as well as those in the blood pressure control subgroup and blood pressure uncontrolled subgroup，were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were employed to investigate the predictors of hypertension in OSA patients and the status of blood pressure control in OSA patients with combined hypertension. The receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve was plotted to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of RDW in predicting the occurrence of hypertension among OSA patients，with its validity confirmed in the validation cohort. Results The multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that an increased BMI（OR=1.087，95%CI=1.007-1.174，P=0.032），diabetes（OR=3.310，95%CI=1.484-7.380，P=0.003），and a decreased RDW（OR=0.598，95%CI=0.507-0.704，P<0.001）were independent predictors of hypertension in OSA patients. Furthermore，an increased hemoglobin level（OR=1.027，95%CI=1.005-1.050，P=0.016） and a decreased RDW（OR=0.804，95%CI=0.669-0.965，P=0.019） were identified as independent predictors of poor blood pressure control status in OSA patients with combined hypertension. The results of ROC curve analysis for RDW in predicting hypertension in OSA patients showed that the area under the ROC curve was 0.779（95%CI=0.732-0.826，P<0.001），with an optimal cut-off value identified at 39.9 fL. Considering the clinical usability，when using an RDW ≤ 40 fL as the threshold value，the sensitivity and specificity for predicting hypertension in OSA patients were 70.14% and 81.76%，respectively. The validation cohort， utilizing an RDW cutoff value of ≤ 40 fL，demonstrated that RDW predicted the hypertension in OSA patients with a sensitivity of 63.64% and a specificity of 80.95%. The area under the ROC curve was 0.757（95%CI=0.678-0.835， P<0.001）. Conclusion The reduction of RDW is associated with the occurrence of hypertension and poor blood pressure control status in patients with OSA. OSA patients exhibiting decreased RDW level are at an elevated risk for hypertension.
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2018-04-14 Cooperative journals: 《生态学报》
Abstract：选择位于滇西北高原纳帕海国际重要湿地内的典型沼泽化草甸湿地为研究对象，采用原位土柱室内控制实验法研究了放牧干扰（猪翻拱扰动和牲畜践踏）对沼泽化草甸湿地土壤氮转化的影响。研究结果表明，放牧活动显著提高了沼泽化草甸湿地表层土壤的容重和pH值，降低了土壤含水率、TOC、TN和NH4+-N含量，而对NO3--N含量影响不显著。放牧干扰下沼泽化草甸湿地土壤的矿化速率和硝化速率均表现为猪翻拱扰动样地（ZG） > 牲畜践踏样地（JT） > 对照样地（CK）；表现为ZG > JT > CK。放牧干扰促进了沼泽化草甸湿地土壤的矿化和硝化作用，猪的翻拱活动比牲畜践踏活动对土壤氮矿化和硝化作用的促进作用更显著。放牧干扰下沼泽化草甸湿地土壤的反硝化速率表现为ZG > CK > JT，猪的翻拱活动促进了土壤N2O气体的排放，而牲畜践踏活动抑制了土壤N2O气体的排放。相关性分析表明，受放牧干扰的沼泽化草甸湿地土壤的矿化和硝化速率均与土壤容重、pH呈显著正相关，与土壤含水率、NH4+-N、TOC、TN含量呈显著负相关；反硝化速率与TOC含量呈显著负相关。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Marine Sciences submitted time 2017-03-22 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract：水圈包括海洋、湖沼、河流、冰川、地下水等，水圈中居住着地球上一半以上的微生物，包括细菌、古菌、真菌、藻类、病毒等，蕴含着地球上最大的微生物组。已有的研究表明，水圈微生物在重要元素生物地球化学循环中发挥关键驱动作用。但是，人们对水圈微生物组的核心科学问题，即微生物如何发挥驱动作用至今了解不多。最近，国家自然科学基金委员会“水圈微生物驱动地球元素循环的机制”重大研究计划（简称“水圈微生物计划”）正式立项。该计划拟选择典型水圈环境，解析微生物群落构建及与环境之间的相互作用、微生物物质与能量代谢机制以及微生物代谢活动的生态学意义与贡献，从而揭示水圈微生物驱动碳、氮、硫等元素生物地球化学循环的机制。文章简述了该计划提出的背景与依据，以及涉及的主要科学问题和研究设想。
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《心理学报》
Abstract： Because of their high incidence as well as high risk, adolescent psychological problems have been a constant pressing topic of governmental, psychological, sociological, and medical interest for research. Adolescent depression, self-injury, and suicidal ideation not only have serious impacts on an individual social functioning, the burden of disease and economic pressures caused by self-harming incidents also make it vital to explore the factors affecting these behaviors and their developmental mechanisms. Ecosystem theory emphasizes the role and significance of the environment in the process of individual development, believing that individual development is the result of one’s interactions with the surrounding environment. As the innermost structure in the ecosystem, family is the environment that is most relevant for individuals, having the greatest influence. In this study, two important components of the parent-child subsystem parent-child relationship (child) and educational involvement (parent) were introduced to explore their combined effects on adolescent depression, self-injury, and suicidal ideation from a binary perspective. The roles of frustration and sense of meaning in life were also investigated from an integrated motivational-volitional model perspective. The current study built a moderated mediation model exploring the combined effects of the parent-child relationship on adolescent depression, self-injury, and suicidal ideation. A total of 930 middle school students (501 boys, 429 girls; average age = 15.24 ± 1.66 years) and their parents participated in this investigation. After given their informed consent, both parents and students completed the Short Form of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory, the Four-item Depressive Symptom Index ? Suicidality Subscale, the Parent-Child Intimacy Questionnaire, Parental Involvement in Primary School Children Education, the Defeat Scale, and the Chinese Meaning in Life Questionnaire. SPSS 26.0, AMOS 23.0, and Mplus 7.0 were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that: (1) Compared to individuals with a low parent-child relationship and low educational involvement, adolescents with a high parent-child relationship and high educational involvement had lower levels of defeat. Compared to adolescents with a low parent-child relationship and high educational involvement, individuals with a high parent-child relationship and low educational involvement showed lower levels of defeat; (2) Defeat partially mediated the relationship between the parent-child relationship and educational involvement and adolescent depression, self-injury, and suicidal ideation; (3) The second half of the mediation model was moderated by meaning in life, that is, with the increase of meaning in life, the effect of defeat on depression, self-injury, and suicidal ideation gradually decreased. Based on ecosystem theory and integrated motivational-volitional model, and using innovative polynomial regression and response surface analysis, the current study investigated the influence of the parent-child relationship and parents' educational involvement on adolescent depression, self-injury, and suicidal ideation, as well as the mediating and moderating effects of defeat and meaning in life. The results providing additional evidence for the relevant developmental theories of depression, self-injury, and suicidal ideation. This study also offers more insight into potential psychological crisis behavioral interventions.
Subjects: Psychology >> Clinical and Counseling Psychology submitted time 2022-06-23
Abstract：
"
Because of their high incidence as well as high risk, adolescent psychological problems have been a constant pressing topic of governmental, psychological, sociological, and medical interest for research. Adolescent depression, self-injury, and suicidal ideation not only have serious impacts on an individual social functioning, the burden of disease and economic pressures caused by self-harming incidents also make it vital to explore the factors affecting these behaviors and their developmental mechanisms. Ecosystem theory emphasizes the role and significance of the environment in the process of individual development, believing that individual development is the result of one’s interactions with the surrounding environment. As the innermost structure in the ecosystem, family is the environment that is most relevant for individuals, having the greatest influence. In this study, two important components of the parent-child subsystem parent-child relationship (child) and educational involvement (parent) were introduced to explore their combined effects on adolescent depression, self-injury, and suicidal ideation from a binary perspective. The roles of frustration and sense of meaning in life were also investigated from an integrated motivational-volitional model perspective.
The current study built a moderated mediation model exploring the combined effects of the parent-child relationship on adolescent depression, self-injury, and suicidal ideation. A total of 930 middle school students (501 boys, 429 girls; average age = 15.24 ± 1.66 years) and their parents participated in this investigation. After given their informed consent, both parents and students completed the Short Form of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory, the Four-item Depressive Symptom Index – Suicidality Subscale, the Parent-Child Intimacy Questionnaire, Parental Involvement in Primary School Children Education, the Defeat Scale, and the Chinese Meaning in Life Questionnaire. SPSS 26.0, AMOS 23.0, and Mplus 7.0 were used to analyze the data.
The results indicated that: (1) Compared to individuals with a low parent-child relationship and low educational involvement, adolescents with a high parent-child relationship and high educational involvement had lower levels of defeat. Compared to adolescents with a low parent-child relationship and high educational involvement, individuals with a high parent-child relationship and low educational involvement showed lower levels of defeat; (2) Defeat partially mediated the relationship between the parent-child relationship and educational involvement and adolescent depression, self-injury, and suicidal ideation; (3) The second half of the mediation model was moderated by meaning in life, that is, with the increase of meaning in life, the effect of defeat on depression, self-injury, and suicidal ideation gradually decreased.
Based on ecosystem theory and integrated motivational-volitional model, and using innovative polynomial regression and response surface analysis, the current study investigated the influence of the parent-child relationship and parents' educational involvement on adolescent depression, self-injury, and suicidal ideation, as well as the mediating and moderating effects of defeat and meaning in life. The results providing additional evidence for the relevant developmental theories of depression, self-injury, and suicidal ideation. This study also offers more insight into potential psychological crisis behavioral interventions.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Other Disciplines of Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science submitted time 2023-02-17 Cooperative journals: 《智慧农业（中英文）》
Abstract： Dissolved oxygen is an important environmental factor for prawn breeding. In order to improve the prediction accuracy of dissolved oxygen concentration in prawn pond, and solve the problem of low prediction accuracy of different frequency domain modal classification after empirical modal decomposition of nonlinear time series data when there are few training samples, an combination prediction model based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD), random forest (RF) and long short term memory neural network (LSTM) was proposed in this research. Firstly, the time series data of prawn breeding dissolved oxygen concentration were decomposed at multiple scales by EMD to obtain a set of stationary intrinsic mode function (IMF). Secondly, with fewer training samples, poor predicts effects on the low-frequency were verified component by LSTM. Then, IMF1－ IMF4 were divided into high-frequency components through test results and used for LSTM model. IMF5－IMF7, Rn were divided for RF model, the EMD-RF-LSTM combination model was constructed to improve the prediction accuracy. Modeled lowfrequency and high-frequency components IMF using RF and LSTM, then predictions of each component were accumulated and the prediction value of dissolved oxygen of sequence data were got. Finally, the performance of the model was compared with the limit learning machine (ELM), RF, standard LSTM, EMD-ELM and EMD-RF, EMD-LSTM, etc. In the test based on real dataset, the EMD-ELM model contrasted with ELM model, reduced the mean absolute error (MAPE), root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) by 30.11%, 29.60% and 32.95%, respectively. The MAPE, RMSE, MAE for the proposed models were 0.0129, 0.1156, 0.0844, respectively. MAPE decreased by 84.07%, 57.57%, and 49.81% compared with EMD-ELM, EMD-RF and EMD-LSTM, respectively, the prediction accuracy was significantly improved. The results show that the proposed model EMD-RF-LSTM has good prediction performance and generalization ability, which is meets the actual demand of accurate prediction of dissolved oxygen concentration in prawn culture, and can provide reference for the prediction and early warning of prawn pond water quality.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2024-04-21
ZENG Zihao
LIU Shuangjin
YANG Qin
WANG Hongcai
LIU Chengzhen
ZHAO Qian
MENG Li
HE Zhen
LIU Xiuru
HUANG Ning
HU Yiqiu
Abstract： Adolescence has been conceptualized as a second ’sensitive period,’ marked by neuroendocrine developmental changes that heighten sensitivity to the environment. Faced with an increase in stressful life events, particularly those involving interpersonal relationships, there is a continuous rise in the incidence of internalizing and externalizing issues during adolescence, which negatively impacts personality development, academic performance, and physical health. Prior research consistently supports that positive and healthy interpersonal relationships significantly enhance adolescents’ social adaptability and levels of well-being. Conversely, negative interpersonal relationships, especially those characterized by danger and hostility, lead individuals to develop negative cognitive patterns and self-assessments, thereby increasing the risk of psychological crises. Additionally, certain genetic traits also influence the adolescent social adjustment. Although the risk of social adjustment is influenced by multiple factors, the potential for interactions between genetics and the environment remains promising, garnering attention from researchers in psychology, psychiatry, and epigenetics. Given this backdrop, this study aims to explore the moderating role of genetic risk in different forms of environmental stress and adolescent social adjustment (including depressive symptoms, prosocial behavior, and self-injure) through the assessment of multilocus genetic variations and the measurement of a critical environmental risk factor, namely, parent-child relationship.
Using questionnaires and DNA typing techniques, 700 adolescents (14.15 ± 0.63 years old) were selected from a junior high school in Hunan Province by whole group sampling. After obtaining informed consent from the school, parent and participants, they completed Parent-child Intimacy Questionnaire, Childhood trauma scale, Short Form of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale Prosocial Tendencies Measures and Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory. The genetic samples were sent to a professional biotechnology company for DNA extraction and typing. In study 2: The participants recruited in Study 1 via an experimental flyer. They completed emotional Stroop task and dictator games.
The results indicate the following: 1) HPA axis MGPS was only associated with mother-child relationship, and there were significant bidirectional correlations between parent-child relationships, Childhood trauma, depressive symptoms, prosocial behavior, and self-injure. 2) Utilizing the multilocus genetic profile score (MGPS) approach, in the context of the depression equation, whether in the father-child relationship model or the mother-child relationship model, the interaction effect between parent-child relationships and Childhood trauma strengthens as the HPA axis system’s MGPS increases. 3) The interaction effect of G×E×E was found to impact adolescent prosocial behavior only in the mother-child relationship model. Furthermore, this interaction becomes significant when the standard deviation of the MGPS exceeds -0.14. 4) No G × E × E triadic interaction was detected in the parent-student relationship model. Subsequent binary interaction test between Childhood trauma and MGPS revealed that as MGPS increased, the impact of Childhood trauma on adolescents self-injure increased. 5) Results from three sensitivity analyses also demonstrate that multigene hereditary research exhibits greater efficacy and stability. 6) Supplementary evidence indicates the presence of the main effect of parent-child relationships in accuracy and response time for emotional words. Additionally, the interaction effect of G×E×E was identified in the mother-child relationship model.
In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the HPA axis multilocus genetic profile score moderates the adolescent stress sensitivity. Specifically, the HPA axis MGPS moderates the interaction between Childhood trauma and parent-child relationships, affecting adolescent social adjustment. Moreover, individuals with high genetic sensitivity exhibit a pattern consistent with the differential susceptibility model, wherein they display lower levels of depressive symptoms, self-injure, and higher prosocial behavior in positive environments, while the reverse holds true in adverse environments.
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