Effects of a combination of biochar and cow manure on soil nutrients and cotton yield in salinized fields

分类： 农、林、牧、渔 >> 农业基础学科 提交时间： 2025-07-17 合作期刊: 《干旱区科学》

HUANG Cheng HOU Shengtong WANG Bao SONG Yuchuan Aikeremu ABULATIJIANG MIN Jiuzhou SHENG Jiandong JIANG Ping'an WANG Ze CHENG Junhui

摘要： Biochar and animal manure application can improve crop yields in salt-affected soil. Previous studies have primarily applied biochar and animal manure either alone or at fixed ratios, while their combined effects with varying combination proportions are still unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we performed a 2-a experiment (2023–2024) in a salinized cotton field in Wensu County of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China with the following 6 treatments: control; application of biochar (10 t/hm2) alone (BC100%); application of cow manure (10 t/hm2) alone (CM100%); application of 70% biochar (7 t/hm2) combined with 30% cow manure (3 t/hm2) (BC70%+CM30%); application of 50% biochar (5 t/hm2) combined with 50% cow manure (5 t/hm2) (BC50%+CM50%); and application of 30% biochar (3 t/hm2) combined with 70% cow manure (7 t/hm2) (BC30%+CM70%). By measuring soil pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium, and available nitrogen at 0–20 and 20–40 cm depths, as well as yield components and cotton yield in 2023 and 2024, this study revealed that soil nutrients in the 0–20 cm depth were more sensitive to the treatment. Among all the treatments, BC50%+CM50% treatment had the highest value of soil pH (9.63±0.07) but the lowest values of electrical conductivity (161.9±31.8 μS/cm), soil organic matter (1.88±0.27 g/kg), and available potassium (42.72±8.25 mg/kg) in 2024. Moreover, the highest cotton yield (5336.63±467.72 kg/hm2) was also observed under BC50%+CM50% treatment in 2024, which was 1.9 times greater than that under the control treatment. In addition, cotton yield in 2023 was jointly determined by yield components (density and number of cotton bolls) and soil nutrients (available phosphorus and available potassium), but in 2024, cotton yield was only positively related to yield components (density, number of cotton bolls, and single boll weight). Overall, this study highlighted that in salt-affected soil, the combination of biochar and cow manure at a 1:1 ratio is recommended for increasing cotton yield and reducing soil salinity stress.

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