分类： 化学 >> 物理化学 提交时间： 2017-11-05 合作期刊: 《结构化学》
摘要： A d-f heteronuclear metal-organic framework (MOF), {[Tm3Zn6(bipy2)2(mimda)7 (H2O)3]·(H2O)5}n (1, H3mimda = 2-methyl-1-H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid, and bipy = 4,4΄-bipyridine), has been synthesized under solvothermal conditions, and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. It crystallizes in orthorhombic system, space group Pnma with a = 16.1102(9), b = 33.5805(19), c = 16.8593(10) Å, β = 97.344(11)°, V = 9120.7(9) Å3, Z = 4, F(000) = 5184, the final R = 0.0530 and wR = 0.1306. In complex 1, the Tm(III) ions adopt two types of coordination fashions. Complex 1 shows one-dimensional (1-D) Tm-Zn heteronuclear zigzag chains, and these chains are further linked by H3mimda ligands into Tm-Zn heteronuclear 2-D lattice-like arrays. The 2-D heteronuclear units were connected through [Zn6(mimda)6] rings to give rise to the Tm-Zn heteronuclear cages. Finally, H3mimda ligands connected the cages into a 3-D heterometallic framework by the combination of [TmO7]n and Tm-Zn heteronuclear cages. In addition, the thermal stability and luminescent property have been investigated.
分类： 医学、药学 >> 基础医学 提交时间： 2017-12-07 合作期刊: 《分子影像学杂志》
摘要： Objective To trace the history of TCM, its concept and the evaluate its role in the management of renal stones.Methods References were retrieved following a thorough bibliographic search using OVID Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Database. Keywords used included `traditional Chinese medicine', 'urolithiasis', 'calculi', 'herbal medicine', 'kampo', 'kidney'.Relevant review articles, case reports, books were considered along with resources from the Wellcome Trust Collection, Royal Society of Medicine, London. Results TCM has been in existence for over 2500 years. It broadly consist of acupuncture, herbal medicine, tuina (massage) and qi gong. The earliest documentation of Chinese herbal medicaments is in the `Shen Nung Benchau Jing', believed to be compiled during the Han Dynasty. Historically it had an extensive role in treatment of chronic diseases, and has been widely used in China and Japan (known as Kampo) for 10 decades, until the introduction of Western medicine in the late 1800s. TCM is popular within urology including herbal 'ginseng' for the treatment of erectile dysfunction acupuncture and herbal therapy for overactive bladder and renal stones. In TCM, dysfunction of Qi in the bladder causes damp-heat to diffuse downward and accumulate in the urinary system, over time causing calculus formation. Urolithiasis causing obstruction is believed to block the flow of Qi and therefore result in pain. Haematuria is attributed to the calculus injuries to the meridian. Currently there is limited but growing evidence based literature on the role TCM in the prevention and treatment of stones. The Chinese State Medicine Administration Bureau issued guidelines in 1994 for management of urolithasis. It categorized it into four syndromes, each with different modes of treatment (Damp heat retention syndrome, qi-stagnation blood stasis syndrome, kidney ying deficiency syndrome and kidney yang deficiency syndrome). Recent evidence showed that medicinal herbs are known to effectively increase the rate of calculus passage, decreased the complications of urolithasis, which indirectly reduces hospitalisation and cost. Conclusion From its primitive roots in China, TCM now has a global influence, and we need to recognise the complementary role it plays in urological practice.
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