分类: 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间: 2017-05-02
摘要: The flexible transparent conductive films (FTCFs) of silver nanowire-polyethylene terephthalate (AgNW- PET) were prepared by a facile method including vacuum filtration and mold transferring. The effect of silver nanowire weight density on the optical and electrical properties of films, as well as the electrical percolation was investigated. The obtained typical AgNW-PET film exhibited high figure of merit of 31.3 × 10−3 Ω−1 with low sheet resistance of 4.95 Ω sq−1 and high transparency at 550 nm of 83.0% (ex- cluding PET substrate). The resulting FTCFs based on PET substrate with high transmittance and low sheet resistance have a great potential in the application of high-performance flexible electronics and photo- voltaic devices.
分类: 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间: 2017-05-02
摘要: Polypropylene and calcium carbonate were prepared by melt extrusion in a twin screw extruder or cast- ing in a kneader extruder. The dispersion of CaCO3 particles in PP was analysed through the observation of impact-fracture surface, polished surface, cross-section surface and film using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), focused ion beam (FIB) and optical transmission microscopy (OTM). Only basic infor- mation on particle dispersion was obtained from the investigation of fracture surfaces by SEM and the FIB cross-sections by virtue of the ambiguous phase contrast and the limited area observed. However, the SEM images from polished-surfaces and the film images observed in OTM show the different particle dispersion in different samples. The derived Particle Size Distribution (PSD) curves from OTM images explain the difference of impact strength, demonstrating the relationship between particle dispersion and mechanical properties.
分类: 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间: 2017-05-02
摘要: Antireflection (AR) coatings that exhibit multi- functional characteristics, including high transparency, robust resistance to moisture, high hardness, and antifogging proper- ties, were developed based on hollow silica−silica nano- composites. These novel nanocomposite coatings with a closed-pore structure, consisting of hollow silica nanospheres (HSNs) infiltrated with an acid-catalyzed silica sol (ACSS), were fabricated using a low-cost sol−gel dip-coating method. The refractive index of the nanocomposite coatings was tailored by controlling the amount of ACSS infiltrated into the HSNs during synthesis. Photovoltaic transmittance (TPV) values of 96.86− 97.34% were obtained over a broad range of wavelengths, from 300 to 1200 nm; these values were close to the theoretical limit for a lossy single-layered AR coating (97.72%). The nanocomposite coatings displayed a stable TPV, with degradation values of less than 4% and 0.1% after highly accelerated temperature and humidity stress tests, and abrasion tests, respectively. In addition, the nanocomposite coatings had a hardness of approximately 1.6 GPa, while the porous silica coatings with an open-pore structure showed more severe degradation and had a lower hardness. The void fraction and surface roughness of the nanocomposite coatings could be controlled, which gave rise to near-superhydrophilic and antifogging characteristics. The promising results obtained in this study suggest that the nanocomposite coatings have the potential to be of benefit for the design, fabrication, and development of multifunctional AR coatings with both omnidirectional broadband transmission and long-term durability that are required for demanding outdoor applications in energy harvesting and optical instrumentation in extreme climates or humid conditions.
分类: 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间: 2017-04-06
摘要: The idea of building a brain-inspired cognitive system has been around for several decades. Recently, electric-double-layer transistors gated by ion conducting electrolytes were reported as the promising candidates for synaptic electronics and neuromorphi