Subjects: Psychology >> Other Disciplines of Psychology submitted time 2024-03-13
Abstract： In an era of “litigation explosion”, Chinese judges are faced with the challenge of effectively handling the overwhelming and increasing volume of court cases. To address the dilemma of “too many cases but too few judges”, previous research on judicial practice has mainly focused on improving the efficiency of litigation procedure. However, one critical aspect that has been largely neglected is the underlying psychological response of judges to this challenge, which may play a pivotal role in the effectiveness and quality of judicial decision making. To address this gap, the current research adopted a person-centered perspective, aiming to uncover the role played by the prevalent feeling of time poverty, the feeling of not having enough time to accomplish all work-related task, among judges. We delved into the antecedents that triggered judges’ perception of time poverty, explored the consequences it had on judicial work, and unraveled the mechanisms through which time poverty influences the quality and efficiency of judicial decisions.
Based on the grounded theory method, we conducted in-depth interviews with judges recruited through a purposeful sampling method. Specifically, participants consisted of judges (N = 51) who came from various regions across North China, Central China, and Southeast China, and who worked for local People’s Courts at various levels (i.e., the primary, intermediate, and high People’s Court) with tenures ranging from one to thirty-six years, ensuring a diverse representation of perspectives and experiences. The current study constructed an integrated model that elucidated the antecedents and consequences of the perception of time poverty within the realm of the judiciary.
Findings revealed that (1) a mismatch between job demands, which was increased due to the numerous and detailed workloads and the burden of assessment requirements, and resources, which was decreased due to insufficient staffing, contributed to judges’ time poverty at work, and (2) the mismatch between job demands and resources urged the judges to speed up judicial decisions as well as to prolong their working hours, which in turn damaged the quality and effectiveness of judicial decisions.
By examining judges’ feelings of time poverty at work, the current study employed a person-centered perspective that complements the normative approach of extant legal science research and elucidated the mechanism that underlies the formation of judges’ time poverty and its judicial consequences. Findings of the current study provide theoretical insight into the challenge of case overload in China through a psychological perspective and offer practical implications for policymakers to overcome the challenge by prioritizing the feelings and needs of judges.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-08-17
Sun, Xiaomin
Yang, Shuting
Kong, Xiaoshan
Liu, Zhenzhen
Ma, Rongzi
Yuan, Yue
Zhang, Nan
Jiang, Xinying
Cao, Peiling
Bao, Ruiji
Lin, Yiqin
Li, Ning
Li, Zhihang
Abstract： Time poverty is a pervasive sensation of having insufficient time in daily life, which is detrimental to physical and mental health and well-being. At present, the conceptual framework of time poverty remains unclear, and its association with well-being is inconsistent and lacks causal evidence and a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms. This study aims to disambiguate the meaning of time poverty, create a multidimensional theoretical model, devise an assessment scale, and establish a national database of time poverty in China. Drawing from scarcity theory, we examine the impact of time poverty on individual and interpersonal well-being and the possible mediating role of over-productivity orientation. Lastly, we investigate the impact of time poverty on family well-being and its underlying mechanisms based on the spillover-crossover model.
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2018-06-09 Cooperative journals: 《生态学报》
Abstract：土壤有机质分解的温度敏感性（Q10）不仅是生态学和土壤学研究的核心科学问题之一，也是全球变化生态学研究的热点领域。国内外学者对Q10的影响因素或机制开展了大量卓有成效的研究工作，并有不少相关的综述或展望；然而，迄今为止有关培养与测定模式的探讨却非常少。鉴于培养和测定模式对研究结果的重要性，在简要描述Q10定义、基本理论和计算方法的基础上，重点比较了当前Q10研究的不同培养和测定模式及其优缺点。结合最新研究进展，重点介绍了新发展的连续变温培养+连续自动测试模式，并简要阐述了新模式的应用前景。通过探讨，希望能为国内从事Q10研究的学者提供一定的经验与借鉴；同时，希望能引起青年科研人员重视研究方法、技术和仪器的研发，更好更快地推动原创性研究。
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2017-12-27 Cooperative journals: 《南方医科大学学报》
Abstract： Objective To identify potential markers for predicting invasion, metastasis, and prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). Methods The expressions of Slug, ZEB1 and KISS-1 were detected immunohistochemically in 261 GAC tissues and 80 normal gastric tissues. Results The positivity rates of Slug, ZEB1, and KISS-1 in gastric tissues were 2.5%, 1.3%, and 87.5%, respectively, significantly different from the rates of 62.1%, 28.4%, and 41.1% in GAC tissues (P<0.05). The expression level of Slug was significantly correlated with the depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and pTNM stages; the positivity rates of both ZEB1 and KISS-1 were significantly correlated with the tumor grade, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and pTNM stages. Slug expression was positively correlated with ZEB1 expression, and KISS-1 expression was inversely correlated with Slug and ZEB1 expressions. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the overall survival time of patients with positive expressions of Slug and ZEB1 was significantly shorter than that of the negative patients, and the survival time of patients positive for KISS-1 was significantly longer than the negative patients. COX multivariate analysis showed that positive Slug, ZEB1 and KISS-1 protein expressions and pTNM stages were independent prognostic factors of GAC (P<0.05). Conclusion The abnormal expressions of Slug, ZEB1 and KISS-1 may contribute to the tumorigenesis of GAC and are related with lymph node metastasis, pTNM stages, and prognosis of GAC. The combined detection of Slug, ZEB1, and KISS-1 expression has an important value in predicting the progression and prognosis of GAC.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2017-12-07 Cooperative journals: 《南方医科大学学报》
Abstract： Objective To explore the relationship between the occurrence of sub-health and health promotion lifestyle in Guangdong province to provide epidemiological evidences for prevention of sub-health. Methods A 1:1 nested case-control study was carried out involving 133 cases from the cohort study paired with 133 control case matched for gender and age. Results The univariate conditional logistic regression model showed no significant association of marital status, education level, or body mass index with the occurrence of sub-health, but a significant correlation was found between lifestyle and sub-health with an odd ratio of 5.90 (95% CI: 3.12-11.16, P=0.000). Analysis of the multivariate conditional logistic regression model on the 6 subscales of health promotion lifestyle showed that stress management was significantly correlated with the occurrence of sub-health with an odd ratio of 4.00 (95% CI: 1.54-10.40, P=0.004). Conclusion A unhealthy lifestyle, especially in terms of stress management, is the major risk factor contributing to the occurrence of sub-health.
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