Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Libraries submitted time 2024-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《高校图书馆工作》
Abstract： In order to solve the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development in urban and rural areas and further improve the living standards of farmers, the rural revitalization strategy has been put forward in China. Rural cultural revitalization is an important part of rural revitalization, and rural public cultural service is the main carrier of rural cultural revitalization. Through literature research, network research and case analysis, the article makes a systematic review of the research and practice results of rural public cultural services in China to promote rural revitalization, analyzing in depth the logical relationship and internal mechanism of rural public cultural services to promote rural revitalization. The study finds that there are three main models of rural public cultural services to advance rural revitalization:cultural soul-building, integration of culture and tourism, and cultural and agricultural mutual assistance. The article also analyzes how rural public cultural services can better promote rural revitalization and achieve high-quality development with respect to key elements such as environmental patterns, participating subjects, product services, and realization methods.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2024-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《高校图书馆工作》
Abstract： The emergence and development of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) will help to create a new library service format, which will enable libraries to transform from traditional services to knowledge services and generative content services. Based on exploring the historical evolution of library content generation mode, the article focuses on the technical basis and intrinsic characteristics of AIGC empowering the construction of smart libraries, as well as the application scenarios of the development of the integration of AIGC and smart libraries. Finally, it proposes development strategies such as improving the construction of basic corpus, training high-quality large-scale language models, enhancing the digital literacy of relevant personnel, and upgrading the infrastructure of smart libraries, so as to help smart libraries create diverse service application scenarios to meet the diversified and personalized needs of users.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2024-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《高校图书馆工作》
Abstract： ChatGPT has sparked a transformation in library construction and evaluation standards, as well as in the methods of library services, gradually advancing innovation in the overall public cultural security strategy. ChatGPT contributes to the enhancement of library services, including intelligent recommendations, search capabilities, classification, translation, and editing, thereby enriching users’ three-dimensional and immersive perceptual experiences. But it also brings risks and challenges for libraries in terms of user privacy, information data, and ideology. For this reason, it is necessary to optimize the development path to enhance the library’s intelligent service and security guarantee. Firstly, it entails promoting technological innovation and optimizing infrastructure to establish a robust intelligent service system for libraries, thereby dismantling the technological hegemony controlled by capital. Secondly, it involves constructing a data supervision platform to enhance intelligent services. This includes promoting the development of a collaborative mechanism for the diverse construction of libraries and defending the primary ideological position of socialism in our country. Thirdly, it is imperative to nurture a skilled workforce and cultivate the next generation. Coordinating efforts from various sources collaboratively stimulates the learning effectiveness of individuals, fostering a team of technologically innovative talents with unwavering ideals and the courage to pioneer breakthroughs.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2024-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To investigate the characteristics of the fungal community and potential key pathogens, ITS rDNA gene amplicon sequencing technology and FUNGuild analysis were used to study the fungal community composition, network characteristics and ecological function groups in rotting tubers of Dioscorea. sp. Additionally, potential pathogenic fungi were isolated and identified. The results were as follows: ( 1 ) In rotting tubers of Dioscorea sp., the dominant phylum was Ascomycota, and prevalent fungal genera included Penicillium, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Talaromyces, Clonostachys, etc. The fungal molecular ecological network exhibited a clear modular structure with a high ratio of positive correlation edges (99.33%), suggesting that positive cooperation was strengthen between different fungi. ( 2 ) FUNGuild analysis indicated that 10 guilds were highly correlated with yam tuber rot. Among these guilds, the relative abundances of dung saprotroph-undefined saprotroph-wood saprotroph and endophyte-plant pathogen were 33.74% and 23.64%, respectively, and the representative genera were Penicillium and Colletotrichum, respectively. Additionally, three guilds were related to both plant pathogen and wood saprotroph, and occupied 13.67% of the ecological functional groups. Moreover, Fusarium was representative genus of all three guilds. Traits analysis showed that some fungi (Penicillium, Fusarium, etc.) in the fungal community were probably invovled in yam tuber rot. ( 3 ) A total of 22 strains were isolated and belonged to 6 genera, including Fusarium ( 9 strains ), Penicillium ( 5 strains ) and Aspergillus ( 4 strains ), etc. This study provides an important reference for understanding the pathogenesis of tuber rot in Dioscorea sp., and for the selection of appropriate pesticides and biocontrol microbes.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2024-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Diospyros dasyphylla Kurz and Diospyros sumatrana Miq. ( Ebenaceae ) are reported as newly recorded species in China. Their diagnostic characters, habitat and distribution of the two newly recorded species are provided. The endangered category of the two newly recorded species is assessed based on field survey. D. dasyphylla closely resembles D. xylocarpa Y. M. Shui, W. H. Chen & Sima, However, it can be distinguished by its young branchlets and leaves, which are densely covered with yellow-brown hairs. Another distinctive feature of D. dasyphylla is its mature fruit, approximately 6 cm in diameter, accompanied by a fruit calyx measuring 8 mm. D. sumatrana is similar to D. elliptifolia Merr., but differs in its white and urceolate corolla, fruit 2 cm in diameter and erected calyx. The voucher specimens are deposited in Herbarium of Guangxi Institute of Botany ( IBK ) and Museum of Beijing Forestry University ( BJFC ). These findings provide new basic data for the biodiversity research of Diospyros plants in China.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2024-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The green leaves, variegated leaves and yellow leaves of Yulania denudata with variegated leaf were used as experimental materials. The anatomical structure and photosynthetic characteristics of three types of leaves were compared from the aspects of photosynthetic pigment content, leaf anatomical structure and light response curve, the factor of photosynthetic characteristics of Y. denudata with variegated leaf was revealed from anatomy. The the result of research as follows: (1) The yellow leaf spots of Y. denudata with variegated leaf is chlorophyll-type leaf spots formed by the decrease of chlorophyll content due to the abnormal structure of chloroplasts. (2) The structure of the thylakoids in the yellow region of the flower and leaf Y. denudata with variegated leaf was abnormal, and ATP synthesis was blocked, which hindered the progress of photosynthesis. (3) The anatomical structure showed that the palisade tissue of the green leaf was developed, the chloroplast integrity and pigment content were higher than that of the variegated leaf and the yellow leaf, and the net photosynthetic rate was higher. (4) There was a significant difference in the maximum net photosynthetic rate and light saturation point between the green leaf and the variegated leaf, and the green leaf can withstand a wider range of bright light than the variegated leaf. This study further elucidates that that the chloroplast structure of Y. denudata with variegated leaf affected its photosynthetic characteristics, and the results provided references for the breeding of fine varieties.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2024-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In order to reveal the albino mechanism of gold-coloured mutant leaves of Cyclobalanopsis gilva, a naturally-occurring leaf-color mutant was used as experimental materials, and the metabolome and transcriptome of mutant leaves and normal green leaves were analyzed by UHPLC-Q Exactive HF-X and high-throughput RNA sequencing, respectively. The results were as follows: ( 1 ) 257 and 357 significantly changed metabolites ( SCMs ) were respectively identified under the positive ion mode and the negative ion mode. Compared with green leaves, the content of some flavonoids such as quercetin, leucoyanidin, myricetin and their derivatives (pyranodelphinin A, isorhamnetin 3-glucuronide, etc. ) increased significantly in mutant leaves, but the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids decreased significantly. ( 2 ) A total of 4 146 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected, of which 1 711 were up-regulated and 2 435 were down-regulated. ( 3 ) KEGG enrichment analysis showed that SCMs and DEGs were mainly enriched in photosynthesis, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis. The research results indicate that inhibition of chlorophyll synthesis, chloroplast developmental abnormalities and promotion of flavonoid synthesis were the main factors driving the golden leaf coloration in the mutant C. gilva. In addition, the genes of the MYB and bHLH families were significantly up-regulated in mutant leaves, confirming these two types of transcription factors were involved in regulating flavonoid biosynthesis. This study provided new molecular insights into the phenomenon of leaf etiolation, and also provided reference for exploring leaf color-related functional genes and breeding of landscape plant.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2024-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The stability of phyllosphere microbial community is closely related to plant health. In order to understand the microecological characteristics of tobacco leaves infected with wildfire disease, community structure and diversity of phyllosphere microbiome in diseased spots and healthy tissues of tobacco leaves with different degrees of disease using high-throughput sequencing technology in this paper. The results showed that the dominant microorganisms in diseased and healthy tissues were Proteobacteria and Ascomycota, and their relative abundance in diseased tissues was significantly higher than that in healthy tissues. The dominant genera were Pseudomonas, Pantoea, Alternaria, Plectosphaerella and Conocybe, and only the relative abundance of Pseudomonas in diseased tissues was significantly higher than that in healthy tissues. The diversity and richness of bacterial communities in diseased spots were higher than those in healthy tissues, and the diversity index showed a trend of decreasing and then increasing with the increase of the degree of disease, and the richness index showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing. The richness and diversity index of fungal communities in diseased spots showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of the disease degree, and the diversity and richness of fungal communities in diseased spots of mildly and moderately diseased leaves were higher than that in healthy tissues, but the diversity and richness of fungal communities in heavily diseased tissues were lower than those in healthy tissues. Gene functional information and relative abundance of bacteria in diseased spots and healthy tissues are generally similar, primarily related to metabolism, genetic information processing and environmental information processing. The dominant functional taxa of fungi were plant pathogen, animal pathogen-endophyte-plant pathogen-wood saprotroph, undefined saprotroph, wood saprotroph and plant pathogen-wood saprotroph. The results provide a reference for the understanding of evolutionary pattern of tobacco wildfire disease and characterization of the phyllosphere microbial community.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2024-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Bacterial wilt is a devastating soil-borne disease in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production. The pathogenic species are complex and tend to have a variation, while mlo caused by the recessive mutation of MLO genes has a broad-spectrum resistance. The previous study suggested that Slmlo1/6 may be involved in the resistance response to bacterial wilt in tomato. In order to further study the gene function of Slmlo1/6 in tomato bacterial wilt resistance, the genetic mutant plants were created by CRISPR/Cas9 technology and their phenotypes were identified followed. The results were as follows: ( 1 ) First, gRNA sequences of SlMLO1/6 were designed and assembled with the U6 promoters, then U6-gRNA1/6 fragments containing highly effective targets were ligated to CRISPR vector of pBGK via restriction enzyme Bsa I digestion, to construct the two-gene fusion knockout vector of pBGK-SlMLO1/6. The recombinant plasmid of pBGK-SlMLO1/6 was transformed into Escherichia coli DH5α competent cells and positive monoclonal clones were selected via plate cultivation. Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV3101 strains-mediated genetic transformation and resistance screening to hygromycin, a total of 9 edited tomato plants were obtained with the PCR and sequencing validation. ( 2 ) Target region sequencing showed that M2 and M8 plants had the 177 bp and 7 bp deletion of SlMLO1, respectively, M7 had the 12 bp deletion of SlMLO6, and M9 had a single base T insertion of SlMLO6. Except for 4 single gene homozygous mutants above, the other mutations were heterozygous. ( 3 ) RT-qPCR showed that compared with the wild type plant, SlMLO1/6 gene expression of the mutants was significantly decreased, especially M2, M7, and M8 plants. ( 4 ) Phenotypic identification indicated that SlMLO1/6 may be tomato bacterial wilt susceptibility genes. In a word, the knockout vector is successfully constructed for broad-spectrum resistance MLO genes and tomato transformation is also achieved. Further, a few homozygous gene edited plants acquire resistance to bacterial wilt to some extent. Amino acid deletion and frameshift mutation may be two crucial reasons for the gene function change of Slmlo1/6 in resistance. The results provide a theoretical basis and genetic engineering materials for the gene function study in resistance to bacterial wilt and disease resistance breeding in tomato.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2024-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Wild plants play a pivotal role in people’s daily lives, providing numerous necessities such as food, medicine, and living tools for survival. Zada County, located in the southwestern part of Ngari Prefecture (མངའ་རི, mngav-ri) , Xizang Autonomous Region of China, bordering India, serves as an important gateway for China’s access to South Asia. This region used to engage in prosperous and lively border trade. Characterized by a plateau sub-frigid arid climate, characterized by low annual average temperature, low oxygen concentration, cold winters, and cool summers. The Zang People here has amassed rich traditional knowledge on the utilization of wild plants in adapting to harsh environments. To comprehensively and systematically investigate, document, and study the traditional knowledge of the Zang People in Zada County on the utilization of wild plants, an ethnobotanical investigation methods were adopted. The research involved interviews with 173 informants, recording 3 639 utilization reports (URs), and conducting quantitative analyses using UV, CV, and CII metrics. The results were as follows: (1) The Zang People in Zada County possesses extensive traditional knowledge on the utilization of wild plants, employing 119 species belonging to 40 families and 83 genera. (2) The utilization categories of wild plants in this area are diverse, with 8 utilization categories, and multiple plants possessing two or more uses simultaneously. (3) The most significant plants in people’s lives are Carum carvi (UV=1.220), Artemisia stracheyi (UV=0.919), Rheum acuminatum (UV=0.890), Cupressus sp. (UV=0.769), and Urtica dioica (UV=0.757). Theses plants are intimately connected to the lives of the local Zang People and are deeply loved by them. (4) The intricate and diverse plateau environment significantly influences the utilization of wild plants in this region. This research not only comprehensively and systematically documents the utilization knowledge and characteristics of wild plants in Zada County, but also provides evidence for the further exploration and rational utilization of local plant resources, contributing to the sustainable development of the region. At the same time, it also helps to promote the inheritance and promotion of traditional knowledge, contributing to the prosperity of local culture. In addition, this research has positive implications for biodiversity conservation, helping to raise public awareness and protection consciousness towards biodiversity, and promoting the balance and harmonious development of the ecosystem.
Subjects: Biology >> Biological Evolution submitted time 2024-05-31
Abstract： Within the dicynodont genus Turfanodon, there are two recognized species, T.bogdaensis and T. jiufengensis. Both species are known by relatively complete cranial materials, but the mandibles and most postcranial bones have been described only for T. jiufengensis. This paper reports new dicynodont specimens from Turpan, Xinjiang, referring them to T. bogdaensis. They can clearly be differentiated from T. jiufengensis by the flatter lateral surface of the snout region, a prominent swelling on the lateral dentary shelf, and the rounded femoral head. The diagnosis of Turfanodon is revised. The combination of a flat circumorbital rim, posterior portion of anterior pterygoid rami with converging ventral ridges, and a possible autapomorphy, a deep notch on scapula forming procoracoid foramen, are confirmed. It also differentiated from all dicynodonts other than Myosaurus, Kembawacela and Lystrosaurus by having accessory ridges lateral to the median palatal ridge.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-05-31 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：公园绿地和城市功能空间是城市空间的组成部分，研究公园绿地与城市功能空间耦合协调关系及其影响因素，对优化公园绿地合理布局，促进城市功能空间协同发展具有重要意义。以乌鲁木齐市中心城区为研究对象，运用核密度分析、标准差椭圆、耦合协调度模型和地理探测器等方法，在分析公园绿地与城市功能空间分布格局的基础之上，进一步探析二者空间的耦合协调关系及其影响因素。结果表明：（1）公园绿地与城市各功能空间形成了内密外疏、圈层式递减、向西北方向扩展的空间聚集特征。（2）公园绿地与城市各功能空间的分布重心均与城市中心发生了一定程度的偏离。公园绿地、居住空间、交通运输空间、公共服务空间呈西北—东南方向分布。休闲娱乐空间、商业空间呈东北—西南方向分布。（3）公园绿地与城市各功能空间耦合协调的主导类型为中度失调型，耦合协调度呈现出“中部高、东西两侧和南北两翼低”的空间分异特征。其中，人口因素、交通条件是影响公园绿地与城市各功能空间耦合协调度的主要因素，社会经济则是次要因素。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-05-31 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：河西走廊是我国人类活动最密集的干旱地区，明晰河西走廊国土空间格局演变特征及驱动机制有助于缓解地区国土空间开发保护矛盾。采用空间转换矩阵、景观格局指数、最优参数地理探测器等方法，从“量变”“形变”2个维度定量研究2000—2020年河西走廊国土空间格局时空演变特征及其驱动力。结果表明：（1）河西走廊城镇空间、农业空间以及其他生态空间持续扩张，绿色生态空间剧烈减少了2758.87 km2，国土空间开发程度不断提高的同时生态保护效果尚不显著。（2）国土空间主导转换类型是生态空间内部“荒漠-绿地”交互演变，不同主体功能区中交叉转换规模差异显著。伴随国土空间交叉转换，其景观格局呈现出破碎化、分散化、复杂化演变特征。（3）河西走廊国土空间格局演变受到多维度影响因子驱动，其中“量变”过程受到的驱动作用包括国家政策指引、自然地理支撑、交通区位约束和社会经济催化，而“形变”则是以自然地理为基础，在交通区位和社会经济的影响下进一步发生演化。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-05-31 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：当前中国进入高质量发展阶段，缓解城市快速扩张伴随的土地利用粗放问题对城市可持续发展具有重要意义。现有研究多单方面关注城市建设用地节约集约水平或高质量发展状态，较少讨论两系统间的耦合协调关系。通过构建多维指标体系，测度2018年宁夏22个区县城市建设用地节约集约利用水平和高质量发展状态，并采用耦合协调度、相对发展度和影响协调力分析两系统间的耦合协调关系。结果表明：（1）2018年宁夏城市建设用地节约集约水平呈现出“中部低、南北高”的分布态势，而高质量发展水平呈现出“西北高、东南低”的空间分布格局。（2）两系统耦合协调度空间上呈现出“中部低、南北高”的分布格局，宁夏大部分区县处于基本协调状态且两系统关系呈良性循环。（3）创新和安全子系统对两系统的耦合协调度普遍起反向阻滞作用；绿色和协调子系统对两系统的耦合协调度普遍起正向推动作用。研究结果可为黄河流域高质量发展情境下促进建设用地节约集约利用提供实证依据。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-05-31 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：开发区土地集约利用是新时代区域高质量发展的重要支撑，二者的关系成为当前的研究热点。以宁夏开发区为例，评价分析2018—2021年土地集约利用的时空分布特征，从经济质量、创新驱动、开放环境、绿色转型和结构优化5个维度选取影响因素，应用时空地理加权回归（GTWR）模型探究其对集约用地的驱动机理。结果表明：（1）宁夏开发区土地集约水平呈现北部引黄灌区>中部干旱区>南部山区的分布格局，研究时段内差异缩小。（2）GTWR模型可以有效捕捉驱动机制的时空差异，绿色转型、结构优化是土地集约利用的主导驱动因素，创新驱动、经济质量是次要因素。（3）各因子对集约用地的驱动作用呈现显著的时空分异性，固定资产投资增长率等对北部引黄灌区开发区的驱动作用更显著，工业企业总收入增长率等则是中南部开发区的主要影响因素；单位工业收入地耗对集约水平的影响小幅下降，其他因子逐渐增强。研究揭示了高质量发展目标下各开发区集约用地的动力机制，有助于为宁夏开发区土地利用的分区管控提供政策参考，也为西部黄河流域高质量园区建设贡献一份力量。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-05-31 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：及时准确地掌握灌区内作物种植分布对于灌溉水资源高效配置、农田精准管理具有重要指导意义。以宁夏青铜峡灌区为研究对象，利用多时相Sentinel-2卫星数据，通过水稻和玉米早期特征分析，提取关键的“水淹”信号和“植被”信号，构建时序归一化差异水体指数（MNDWI）和归一化植被指数（NDVI）特征值数据集，并通过样本分析关键特征阈值，构建水稻和玉米早期种植分布决策树模型，提取2022年宁夏青铜峡灌区水稻和玉米种植的空间分布。结果表明（: 1）玉米和水稻苗期的后半段5月15—31日，水淹信号和植被信号是区分二者关键时期。（2）基于早期作物物候特征的方法，在5月16—31日获取的水稻和玉米图像制图精度高于90%，用户精度超过91%，总体精度超过90%，Kappa系数高于0.88，明显高于同时期随机森林方法的分类精度。（3）本研究提出的方法在早期水稻和玉米种植分布提取方面具有较强的适用性，并且能够在时空尺度上以较少的实地样本进行延展，同时在时间上也更有优势。因此，该方法为青铜峡灌区水稻和玉米种植分布早期调查提供了重要的方法支撑。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-05-31 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：随着全球气候的快速变化以及渭河流域地区城市的快速发展，渭河流域植被生态系统面临许多挑战，研究区域内植被的时空变化以及对土壤干湿状况的响应有着重要意义。基于2001—2020年的MODIS的归一化植被指数（NDVI）与地表温度（LST）数据，对渭河流域的土壤干湿状况数据进行反演，通过线性回归、残差分析和贡献度分析了2001—2020年渭河流域生长季植被覆盖时空特征及土壤干湿状况的驱动与贡献。结果表明：（1）2001—2020年渭河流域生长季NDVI均值总体呈现波动增加趋势，平均趋势率为0.47×10-2·a-1，植被呈恢复趋势，其中2012—2016年生长季NDVI均值受到人类活动的抑制作用呈现下降趋势。（2）土壤干湿状况和人类活动对渭河流域生长季NDVI的影响迥异，土壤干湿状况的影响主要表现为影响较弱与缓慢增长，人类活动的影响主要以促进植被恢复为主。（3）土壤干湿状况和人类活动对渭河流域生长季NDVI均值变化的贡献均主要集中于同向贡献，其中负向贡献只来源土壤干湿状况，占比19.77%，同向高贡献主要来源人类活动，说明渭河流域中人类活动是植被覆盖变化的主要驱动力。（4）渭河流域植被整体受到土壤干湿状况和人类活动的双重促进作用；抑制作用主要集中于汾渭盆地农业生态区，属于人类活动的同向高贡献率分布区，说明目前人类活动是抑制植被覆盖增长的主要原因。研究结果可为渭河流域生态保护以及可持续发展提供更加精确的科学依据。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-05-31 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：水稻生产间接价值研究集中在生态系统服务功能上，外部性尤其负外部性研究不多，对其评估有利于生态防控和农业永续发展。基于2000—2021年全国各省水稻的面板数据，运用市场价值法和空间自相关等方法，从温室气体排放、化肥污染、农药污染、地膜污染、水资源消耗和农机能源污染方面分析水稻的负外部性价值及其时空演变特征。结果表明：（1）全国水稻生产年均负外部性价值达2080.27×108元，其中温室气体排放、化肥、农药、地膜污染、水资源消耗和农机能源污染占比分别为35.93%、20.71%、10.27%、9.04%、17.44%和6.61%。（2）以2012年新时代为分界点，负外部性价值总量呈先增后减趋势，体现了新时代生态防控的成效。（3）空间分布异质性强，负外部性价值主要分布在胡焕庸线以东，其中华中、华南、西南、东北和华北稻作区年均负外部性价值分别为1025.45×108元、426.96×108元、329.36×108元、221.52×108元和61.99×108元；负外部性价值与地理空间存在全局正相关关系；局部自相关自东南向西北由“高-高”聚集向“低-低”聚集和不显著演变，“高-高”集聚区主要分布在华中和华南稻作区，“低-低”集聚区主要分布在华北稻作区。创新性地从研究对象和动态全局视阈评估了水稻生产负外部性，并从政府引领、市场引导和农户主导方面提出了因应策略。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-05-31 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：作为典型的干旱区和生态脆弱区，塔里木河流域是我国粮食、棉花的重要生产基地。水资源、耕地资源与粮棉资源的良性协调发展成为流域可持续发展的关键。通过构建塔里木河流域水-耕地-粮棉系统，测算其发展指数，并以耦合协调度模型测量了系统的耦合程度，在此基础上利用Fractional Logit模型分析了水-耕地-粮棉系统协调发展的影响因素。结果表明：（1）塔里木河流域各系统的发展指数呈现水系统>水-耕地-粮棉系统>耕地系统>粮棉系统。五地州中，巴音郭楞蒙古自治州各系统发展指数排名与流域一致，喀什地区和阿克苏地区在耕地和粮棉系统发展水平领先，水资源系统发展水平靠后，而克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州与和田地区则是水系统发展指数位居前列，耕地和粮棉系统发展较落后。（2）流域内水-耕地-粮棉系统耦合协调度介于0.475~0.680之间，处于勉强协调与初级协调之间。五地州中，喀什地区最高，克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州最低。这一指标经过缓慢提升后在2017年后明显下降。五地州中，阿克苏地区下降最为明显。（3）水库数量、一般公共预算支出及人口数量是影响水-耕地-粮棉系统协调发展状况的关键因素，三者每增加1个单位将分别引起耦合协调度1.0%、21.0%、35.6%的提升。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2024-05-31 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：基于Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI遥感影像和数字高程模型（DEM）数据，结合比值阈值法与目视解译提取了1990—2020年波曲流域冰川边界，同时利用归一化水体指数与目视解译提取波曲流域冰湖数据，分析近30 a波曲流域冰川冰湖空间分布与变化特征以及母冰川-冰湖相对位置变化关系，探究波曲流域冰川冰湖协同演化及其与气候变化的响应关系。结果表明：（1）1990—2020年波曲流域冰川加速退缩，尤其是近10 a来冰川加速退缩趋势更为显著；波曲流域冰川主要分布在海拔5500~6100 m范围内，规模上看，大规模（≥10 km2）冰川数量保持稳定，小规模（≤0.5 km2）冰川数量呈增加趋势。（2）近30 a波曲流域冰湖数量、面积均不断增加，冰湖面积扩张率为74.24%；冰湖主要分布在海拔4900~5300 m之间，大冰湖（≥0.07 km2）面积不断扩张；小冰湖（≤0.03 km2）数量增加显著。（3）与母冰川相连冰湖是最重要的冰湖扩张类型，该类型冰湖面积增长量占总冰湖增量的72.08%。（4）近30 a波曲流域气温缓慢上升，降水量总体略微下降。气温上升和降水量下降是造成冰川退缩重要因素，同时冰川融水促进冰湖扩张。通过波曲流域冰川-冰湖分布面积、变化特征及其协同演化关系的探究为流域冰川面积变化趋势和冰湖溃决灾害的预测及防治提供数据支撑。
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