Levels of Endothelial Cell Microparticles miR-126，Mitochondrial Components and Adhesion molecules in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Their Clinical Significance

Abstract: Background Acute myocardial infarction（AMI）is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality worldwide，and despite the widespread use of biomarkers for myocardial necrosis，morbidity and mortality of AMI remain high. Objective To investigate the expression levels and clinical significance of miR-126，mitochondrial components and adhesion molecules in endothelial microparticles（EMPs）. Methods A total of 50 patients with AMI，50 patients with stable coronary artery disease（SCAD）and 50 healthy subjects were enrolled in the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from September 2021 to September 2022. AMI patients and SCAD patients were hospitalized in our hospital and received percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI），and all healthy subjects were evaluated by the physical examination center of our hospital. Peripheral blood samples and general data of three groups were collected. The morphology of the microparticles（MPs） was observed by transmission electron microscopy（TEM），the level of EMPs was identified by flow cytometry，and the expression of miR-126 in EMPs was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. ELISA was used to detect the levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species（ROS）and intracellular adhesion molecules ［vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 （VCAM-1），intercellular adhesion molecule-1（ICAM-1），E-selectin，and P-selectin］ in EMPs. Results As observed by TEM，the membrane structure of the isolated MPs was intact and its diameter ranged from 100 to 400 nm. Compared with the control group，the expression of miR-126 in plasma EMPs in the AMI group was significantly decreased（Z=4.979， P<0.001），the expression of ROS was significantly increased（Z=9.651，P<0.001），the expression of VCAM-1 was increased（Z=2.336，P=0.019），and the expression of ICAM-1（Z=5.894，P<0.001），E-selectin（Z=2.730，P=0.019） and P-selectin（Z=6.470，P<0.001） were increased. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the decreased expression of miR-126（OR=0.026，95%CI=0.003-0.210，P=0.001） was a protective factor for AMI，increased expression of ROS（OR=1.009，95%CI=1.005-1.013，P<0.001） and P-selectin（OR=1.063，95%CI=1.022-1.105，P=0.002）were risk factors for AMI. The receiver operator characteristic curve（ROC） showed that the area under the curve of miR-126 for the diagnosis of AMI was 0.816，the area under the curve of ROS for the diagnosis of AMI was 0.892，the area under the curve of P-selectin for the diagnosis of AMI was 0.728，and the area under the curve of miR-126，ROS and P-selectin combined diagnosis was 0.950. Conclusion In EMPs，miR-126，ROS，P-selectin and their combined indicators all have diagnostic value for AMI，and the combined indicators of the three have the highest diagnostic value，indicating that they may be potential diagnostic indicators for AMI patients.