分类： 生物学 >> 生物化学 提交时间： 2024-05-25
摘要： 药物成瘾是一种严重的慢性复发性脑病, 甲基苯丙胺成瘾病程复杂，难以治疗，造成严重的公共卫生负担。本研究对比分析了甲基苯丙胺成瘾急性戒断期患者（停止使用24小时以内）、甲基苯丙胺戒断康复期患者（停止使用3个月以上）、健康志愿者的尿液蛋白质组，甲基苯丙胺成瘾患者（甲基苯丙胺急性戒断期、甲基苯丙胺戒断康复期患者）的尿液蛋白质组与健康人之间显著不同，部分差异蛋白及其富集到的生物学功能，显示与成瘾或甲基苯丙胺的神经毒性有关，可能是药物成瘾的潜在的干预靶点；甲基苯丙胺戒断康复期患者仍难以恢复到正常人的水平，可能用于揭示甲基苯丙胺复吸率高的原因。本研究建立了一个从尿液蛋白质组学角度研究成瘾性药物的方法，证明了尿液蛋白质组能够相对系统、全面地反映甲基苯丙胺滥用对机体产生的影响，为临床成瘾性疾病的研究和实践提供线索。
分类： 生物学 >> 生物化学 提交时间： 2024-05-25
摘要： 服用复合营养素补充剂是一种常见的健康管理手段。还没有研究从尿液蛋白质组的角度探究复合营养素补充剂对健康人的整体影响。本研究对比分析了健康人服用复合营养素补充剂2周后、4周后与服用前的尿液蛋白质组，发现服用复合营养素补充剂2周后尿液蛋白质组的变化较为显著，差异蛋白及其富集到的通路与营养素补充可能相关，例如，促红细胞生成素受体（Erythropoietin receptor）（服用复合营养素两周后，9人中有4人发生从无到有的变化，9人的平均变化倍数（FC）达到450）。本研究的结果从尿液蛋白质组的角度提供关于复合营养素补充剂对健康的影响的新线索，有助于优化复合营养素补充剂的使用指南和建议，开发对于不同人群营养素补充的个性化策略。
分类： 生物学 >> 分子生物学 提交时间： 2024-05-24
摘要： Differential and even opposing functions of two major antioxidant transcription factors Nrf1 and Nrf2 (encoded by Nfe2l1 and Nfe2l2, respectively) are determined by distinctions in their tempospatial positioning, topological repartitioning, proteolytic processing, and biochemical modification, as well as in their shared evolutionary origin. As a matter of fact, the allelopathic potentials of Nrf1 and Nrf2 (both resembling two entangled ‘Yin-Yang’ quanta that comply with a dialectic law of the unity of opposites) are fulfilled to coordinately control redox physiological homeostasis so as to be maintained within the presetting thresholds. By putative exponential curves of redox stress and intrinsic anti-redox capability, there is inferable to exist a set point at approaching zero with the ‘Golden Mean’ for the healthy survival (i.e., dubbed the ‘zero theory’). A bulk of the hitherto accumulating evidence demonstrates that the set point of redox homeostasis is dictated selectively by multi-hierarchical threshold settings, in which the living fossil-like Nrf1 acts as a robust indispensable determinon, whereas Nrf2 serves as a versatile chameleon-like master regulon, in governing the redox homeodynamic ranges. This is attributable to the facts that Nrf2 has exerted certain ‘double-edged sword’ effects on life process, whereas Nrf1 executes its essential physiobiological functions, along with unique pathophysiological phenotypes, by integrating its ‘three-in-one’ roles elicited as a specific triplet of direct sensor, transducer and effector within multi-hierarchical stress responsive signaling to redox metabolism and target gene reprogramming. Here, we also critically reviewed redox regulation of physio-pathological functions from the eco-evo-devo perspectives, through those coding rules (redox code, stress-coping code, and topogenetic code). The evolving concepts on stress and redox stress were also further revisited by scientific principles of physics and chemistry, apart from two novel concepts of ‘oncoprotists’ and ‘reverse central dogma’ being introduced in this interdisciplinary and synthetic review.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
Xiaoyu Luo, Sheng Zheng, Zhibo Jiang, Zhiwei Chen, Yao Huang, Shuguang Zeng, Xiangyun Zeng, Rui Zhang, Chen Long, Guangrong Zhou et al.
Sheng Zheng
Zhibo Jiang
Zhiwei Chen
Yao Huang
Shuguang Zeng
Xiangyun Zeng
Rui Zhang
Chen Long
Guangrong Zhou
Jinbo Hu
摘要： In this study, we present a catalog of molecular clumps extracted from 13CO (J = 1 − 0) emission data of the Milky Way Imaging Scroll Painting (MWISP) project. The data covers the inner Milky Way within the longitude range 10° ≤ l ≤ 20° and the latitude strip of . The workflow for the extraction of clumps, namely Facet-SS-3D-Clump, consists of two parts: the identification of clump candidates and their verification. First, Facet-SS-3D-Clump employs FacetClumps to identify clump candidates. Subsequently, high-confidence clumps are obtained by cross-matching with the clumps detected by other algorithms, such as dendrogram. Second, these high-confidence clumps are used as prior knowledge to train a semi-supervised deep clustering approach, SS-3D-Clump, which is applied to verify clump candidates detected by FacetClumps, providing confidence levels for the molecular clumps. Finally, the catalog comprising 18,757 molecular clumps was obtained using Facet-SS-3D-Clump, and the catalog is 90% complete above 37 K km s−1. We observe a significant deviation of the mean Galactic latitude for clumps within ∣b∣ ≤ 2° from the midplane, with . We found that 82.3% of the dust clumps correspond to 13CO clumps by matching with Herschel infrared dust clumps. In the future, Facet-SS-3D-Clump will be applied to detect 13CO clumps in the entire MWISP data.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
摘要： Cassiopeia A (Cas A) is a well-known candidate for studying cosmic-ray acceleration, in which compact features of various scales have attracted much attention. Based on observations by the Very Large Array of Cas A at 6 cm and 21 cm, we measure the spectral index distribution of various scale components using the observation of the 1998 epoch. We decompose its total density image into nine scale components, and map the temperature spectral index distribution of each component, which ranges from −2.48 ± 0.01 to −2.91 ± 0.05. We find that the spectral indices increase from the small scale to large scale components. A damped post-shock magnetic field model with a strength larger than ∼200 μG and a damping length scale less than ∼10% of the remnant radius can account for the spectral index variation naturally.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
摘要： Temporary capture efficiency is studied in the framework of the circular restricted three-body problem in two steps. First, a non-uniform distribution of test particles around the secondary’s orbit is obtained by fully accounting the secondary’s gravitational influence. Second, the capture efficiency is computed based on the non-uniform distribution. Several factors influencing the result are discussed. By studying the capture efficiency in the circular restricted three-body problem of different mass ratios, a power-law relation between the capture efficiency (p) and the mass ratio (μ) is established, which is given by p ≈ 0.27 × μ0.53, within the range of 3.0035 ×10−6 ≤ μ ≤ 3.0034 × 10−5. Taking the Sun–Earth system as an example, the influence from the orbit eccentricity of the secondary on the non-uniform distribution and the capture efficiency is studied. Our studies find that the secondary’s orbit eccentricity has a negative influence on the capture efficiency.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
摘要： The distribution of the LSBGs is bimodal in the g − r color, indicating the two distinct populations of the blue (g − r 0.60) LSBGs. The blue LSBGs appear spiral, disk or irregular while the red LSBGs are spheroidal or elliptical and spatially clustered. This trend shows that the color has a strong correlation with galaxy morphology for LSBGs. In the spatial distribution, the blue LSBGs are more uniformly distributed while the red ones are highly clustered, indicating that red LSBGs preferentially populate a denser environment than the blue LSBGs. Besides, both populations have a consistent distribution of ellipticity (median ), half-light radius (median reff ∼ 4”) and Sérsic index (median n = 1), implying the dominance of the full sample by the round and disk galaxies. This sample has definitely extended the studies of LSBGs to a regime of lower surface brightness, fainter magnitude and broader other properties than the previously Sloan Digital Sky Survey-based samples.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
摘要： Open clusters (OCs) are common in the Milky Way, but most of them remain undiscovered. There are numerous techniques, including some machine-learning algorithms, available for the exploration of OCs. However, each method has its limitations and therefore, different approaches to discovering OCs hold significant values. We develop a comprehensive approach method to automatically explore the data space and identify potential OC candidates with relatively reliable membership determination. This approach combines the techniques of Hierarchical Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise, Gaussian mixture model, and a novel cluster member identification technique, color excess constraint. The new method exhibits efficiency in detecting OCs while ensuring precise determination of cluster memberships. Because the main feature of this technique is to add an extra constraint (EC) for the members of cluster candidates using the homogeneity of color excess, compared to typical blind search codes, it is called Blind Search-Extra Constraint (BSEC) method. It is successfully applied to the Gaia Data Release 3, and 83 new OCs are found, whose color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) are fitted well to the isochrones. In addition, this study reports 621 new OC candidates with discernible main sequence or red giant branch. It is shown that BSEC technique can discard some false negatives of previous works, which takes about three percentage of known clusters. It shows that as an EC, the color excess (or two-color) constraint is useful for removing fake cluster member stars from the clusters that are identified from the positions and proper motions of stars, and getting more precise CMDs, when differential reddening of member stars of a cluster is not large (e.g., ΔE(GBP − GRP) < 0.5 mag). It makes the CMDs of 15% clusters clearer (in particular for the region near turnoff) and therefore is helpful for CMD and stellar population studies. Our result suggests that the color excess constraint is more appropriate for clusters with small differential reddening, such as globular clusters or older OCs, and clusters that the distances of member stars cannot be determined accurately.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
Hao Li, Qing Zhao, Long Shao, Tao Liu, Chenzhou Cui and Yunfei Xu
Hao Li
Qing Zhao
Long Shao
Tao Liu
Chenzhou Cui
Yunfei Xu
摘要： Nowadays, astronomy has entered the era of Time-Domain Astronomy, and the study of the time-varying light curves of various types of objects is of great significance in revealing the physical properties and evolutionary history of celestial bodies. The Ground-based Wide Angle Cameras telescope, on which this paper is based, has observed more than 10 million light curves, and the detection of anomalies in the light curves can be used to rapidly detect transient rare phenomena such as microgravity lensing events from the massive data. However, the traditional statistically based anomaly detection methods cannot realize the fast processing of massive data. In this paper, we propose a Discrete Wavelet (DW)-Gate Recurrent Unit-Attention (GRU-Attention) light curve warning model. Wavelet transform has good effect on data noise reduction processing and feature extraction, which can provide richer and more stable input features for a neural network, and the neural network can provide more flexible and powerful output model for wavelet transform. Comparison experiments show an average improvement of 61% compared to the previous pure long-short-term memory unit (LSTM) model, and an average improvement of 53.5% compared to the previous GRU model. The efficiency and accuracy of anomaly detection in previous paper work are not good enough, the method proposed in this paper possesses higher efficiency and accuracy, which incorporates the Attention mechanism to find out the key parts of the light curve that determine the anomalies. These parts are assigned higher weights, and in the actual anomaly detection, the star is detected with 83.35% anomalies on average, and the DW-GRU-Attention model is compared with the DW-LSTM model, and the detection result f1 is improved by 5.75% on average, while having less training time, thus providing valuable information and guidance for astronomical observation and research.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
摘要： In this work, we consider a conventional test of gravitational wave (GW) propagation which is based on the phenomenological parameterized dispersion relation to describe potential departures from General Relativity (GR) along the propagation of GWs. But different from tests conventionally performed previously, we vary multiple deformation coefficients simultaneously and employ the principal component analysis (PCA) method to remedy the strong degeneracy among deformation coefficients and obtain informative posteriors. The dominant PCA components can be better measured and constrained, and thus are expected to be more sensitive to potential departures from the waveform model. Using this method we analyze ten selected events and get the result that the combined posteriors of the dominant PCA parameters are consistent with GR within 99.7% credible intervals. The standard deviation of the first dominant PCA parameter is three times smaller than that of the original dispersion parameter of the leading order. However, the multi-parameter test with PCA is more sensitive to not only potential deviations from GR but also systematic errors of waveform models. The difference in results obtained by using different waveform templates hints that the demands of waveform accuracy are higher to perform the multi-parameter test with PCA. Whereas, it cannot be strictly proven that the deviation is indeed and only induced by systematic errors. It requires more thorough research in the future to exclude other possible reasons in parameter estimation and data processing.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
摘要： Based on the collected multiwavelength data, namely in the radio (NVSS, FIRST, RATAN-600), IR (WISE), optical (Pan-STARRS), UV (GALEX), and X-ray (ROSAT, Swift-XRT) ranges, we have performed a cluster analysis for the blazars of the Roma-BZCAT catalog. Using two machine learning methods, namely a combination of PCA with k-means clustering and Kohonen’s self-organizing maps (SOMs), we have constructed an independent classification of the blazars (five classes) and compared the classes with the known Roma-BZCAT classification (FSRQs, BL Lacs, galaxy-dominated BL Lacs, and blazars of an uncertain type) as well as with the high synchrotron peaked (HSP) blazars from the 3HSP catalog and blazars from the TeVCat catalog. The obtained groups demonstrate concordance with the BL Lac/FSRQ classification along with a continuous character of the change in the properties. The group of HSP blazars stands out against the overall distribution. We examine the characteristics of the five groups and demonstrate distinctions in their spectral energy distribution shapes. The effectiveness of the clustering technique for objective analysis of multiparametric arrays of experimental data is demonstrated.
分类： 数字出版 >> 新媒体 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
摘要： From the mid-19th century to the end of the 20th century, photographic plates served as the primary detectors for astronomical observations. Astronomical photographic observations in China began in 1901, and over a century, a total of approximately 30,000 astronomical photographic plates were captured. These historical plates play an irreplaceable role in conducting long-term, time-domain astronomical research. To preserve and explore these valuable original astronomical observational data, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory has organized the transportation of plates, taken during nighttime observations from various stations across the country, to the Sheshan Plate Archive for centralized preservation. For the first time, plate information statistics were calculated. On this basis, the plates were cleaned and digitally scanned, and finally digitized images were acquired for 29,314 plates. In this study, using Gaia DR2 as the reference star catalog, astrometric processing was carried out successfully on 15,696 single-exposure plates, including object extraction, stellar identification, and plate model computation. As a result, for long focal length telescopes, such as the 40 cm double-tube refractor telescope, the 1.56 m reflector telescope at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, and the 1m reflecting telescope at Yunnan Astronomical Observatory, the astrometric accuracy obtained for their plates is approximately
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
摘要： This work shows details of an evaluation of an observational system comprising a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor detector, 60 cm telescope and filter complement. The system's photometric precision and differential photometric precision, and extinction coefficients were assessed through observations of Supersky flat fields, open clusters, standard stars and exoplanets. Photometry was precision achieved at the 0.02 mag level, with differential photometry of 0.004 mag precision. Extinction was found to agree with previous studies conducted at Xinglong Observatory. Ultimately, the results demonstrate this observing system is capable of precision scientific observations with a charge-coupled device across the optical wavelengths.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
摘要： The near-infrared imaging channel constitutes a crucial component of the multichannel high-resolution imaging system of the New Vacuum Solar Telescope (NVST). We have successfully achieved high-resolution, narrowband imaging of the chromosphere using He i 10830 Å triplet within this channel, which significantly enhances the imaging observation capabilities of NVST. This paper provides a concise overview of the optical system associated with the near-infrared imaging channel, detailing data processing procedures and presenting several observed images. Leveraging a high-resolution image reconstruction algorithm, we were able to generate a narrowband image near the diffraction limit at 10830 Å with a temporal resolution of less than 10 s.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
摘要： The occurrence of the first significant digits from real world sources is usually not equally distributed, but is consistent with a logarithmic distribution instead, known as Benford's law. In this work, we perform a comprehensive investigation on the first digit distributions of the duration, fluence, and energy flux of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) for the first time. For a complete GRB sample detected by the Fermi satellite, we find that the first digits of the duration and fluence adhere to Benford's law. However, the energy flux shows a significant departure from this law, which may be due to the fact that a considerable part of the energy flux measurements is restricted by lack of spectral information. Based on the conventional duration classification scheme, we also check if the durations and fluences of long and short GRBs (with duration T90 > 2 s and T90 ≤ 2 s, respectively) obey Benford's law. We find that the fluences of both long and short GRBs still agree with the Benford distribution, but their durations do not follow Benford's law. Our results hint that the long–short GRB classification scheme does not directly represent the intrinsic physical classification scheme.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
摘要： The trajectories of the groupings η Cha, Cha and Cha I, Cha II, constructed backward in time, have been studied. We concluded that the hypothesis about the joint formation of all four of these clusters from one molecular cloud cannot be completely excluded. However, 10–15 Myr ago, all these four clusters were located at approximately the same height above the plane of the Galaxy. Thus, the gas-dust clouds from which all these four clusters were formed were located on one broad front. It is possible that the appearance of the Cha I, Cha II, Cha and η Cha clusters may be associated with the impact on such a front of shock waves formed after supernova explosions in the Scorpius–Centaurus association. New estimates of the kinematic ages of the clusters Cha I and Cha II are obtained as 0.12 ± 0.19 and 0.05 ± 0.15, respectively. It is shown that the minimum size of the Cha I-north and Cha I-south clusters corresponded to the time of 0.55 ± 0.24 Myr and 0.04 ± 0.18 Myr ago, respectively, and approximately 1.5 Myr ago the distance between the trajectories of these two groupings was minimal.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
摘要： The origin of intermediate helium (He)-rich hot subdwarfs is still unclear. Previous studies have suggested that some surviving Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) companions from the white dwarf + main-sequence (WD+MS) channel may contribute to the intermediate He-rich hot subdwarfs. However, previous studies ignored the impact of atomic diffusion on the post-explosion evolution of surviving companion stars of SNe Ia, leading to the aspect that they could not explain the observed surface He abundance of intermediate He-rich hot subdwarfs. In this work, by taking the atomic diffusion and stellar wind into account, we trace the surviving companions of SNe Ia from the WD+MS channel using the one-dimensional stellar evolution code MESA until they evolve into hot subdwarfs. We find that the surface He-abundances of our surviving companion models during their core He-burning phases are in a range of , which are consistent with those observed in intermediate He-rich hot subdwarfs. This seems to further support the notion that it is possible for surviving companions of SNe Ia in the WD+MS channel to form some intermediate He-rich hot subdwarfs.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
摘要： We have chosen the Large Scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator (LAMMPS) code to calculate the coalescence of silicon carbide (SiC), silicon oxide dust (SiO) in the AGB stellar wind. LAMMPS is a classical molecular dynamics simulation code. At the same time, we consider the effect of temperature on the evolution of molecular dynamics. We also calculated the temperature change of non-spherical SiC, SiO dust coalescence. The condensation temperature range of SiC dust in the AGB stellar wind is 300–500 k and 900–1100 k for SiO. Finally, the infrared spectrum of SiC was calculated using Gaussian 16 software. The 77SiC, 70Si3C3, and 121Si3C3 models have clear characteristic peaks of infrared spectra responding at 5, 8.6, 11.3, 15, 19, and 37 μm.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
摘要： The first photometric light curve investigation of the NSVS 8294044, V1023 Her, and V1397 Her binary systems is presented. We used ground-based observations for the NSVS 8294044 system and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite data for V1023 Her and V1397 Her. The primary and secondary times of minima were extracted from all the data, and, by collecting the literature, a new ephemeris was computed for each system. Linear fits for the O − C diagrams were conducted using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. Light curve solutions were performed using the PHysics Of Eclipsing BinariEs Python code and the MCMC approach. The systems were found to be contact binary stars based on the fillout factor and mass ratio. V1023 Her showed the O’Connell effect, and a cold starspot on the secondary component was required for the light curve solution. The absolute parameters of the system were estimated based on an empirical relationship between orbital period and mass. We presented a new T–M equation based on a sample of 428 contact binary systems and found that our three target systems were in good agreement with the fit. The positions of the systems were also depicted on the M–L, M–R, q–Lratio, and Mtot–J0 diagrams in the logarithmic scales.
分类： 医学、药学 >> 预防医学与公共卫生学 提交时间： 2024-05-24 合作期刊: 《中国全科医学》
摘要： 高血压、2 型糖尿病、血脂异常被统称为“三高”，常同时存在于同一个体中，显著增加了患者的住院和死亡风险，以及相关疾病负担。因此，有必要对三者进行共同风险管理和规范治疗。基层医疗卫生机构是慢性病防治的“主战场”，现有临床证据对“三高”人群的基层预防、治疗及管理具有重要启示，但目前国内外尚无适用于基层的“三高”共管规范、共识和指南。北京高血压防治协会等 4 家学 / 协会组织基层医务人员，并邀请心血管、内分泌、药学及公共卫生等诸多领域专家 / 学者共同参与，广泛征询基层医务人员临床实践需求，在整合与评价“三高”基层防治相关证据的基础上，经过多轮讨论、修订与投票表决，形成了包含 21 条推荐意见的“三高”基层防治专家共识。本共识的推荐意见旨在提高基层医务人员的“三高”防治意识和能力，为基层医疗卫生机构开展“三高”防治提供科学的策略支持，为实施具有基层特色的“三高”共管奠定坚实基础。
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