Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2024-03-18
Abstract： To assist young people infected with COVID-19 restore and develop a balanced state of mental health after the pandemic, we have developed an online self-help psychological intervention robot that can complement existing mental health resources. First, we utilized prompting engineering techniques to build a chatbot skilled in Problem-Solving Therapy (PST) based on the large language model GPT-4. Then, we conducted pre-testing and formal experiments to verify the effectiveness of the chatbot. The results of the pre-testing indicated that the chatbot followed the core work steps of PST during interactions with users. The results of the formal experiment showed that the PST chatbot performed better than the ordinary chatbot in terms of problem identification and problem-solving dimensions, indicating that the PST chatbot can help users quickly locate the problems that trouble them and develop feasible problem-solving plans. However, there was no difference between the PST chatbot and the ordinary chatbot in terms of relationship quality, and no differences were found in the evaluation of the two chatbots based on gender and post-COVID symptoms. This suggests that the PST chatbot did not significantly improve the quality of human-machine relationships, but the general acceptability and wide applicability of chatbots still have certain advantages in practical applications. The research results support the possibility of using large language models in innovative implementations of psychological self-help interventions.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2024-01-25
Abstract： Previous studies have found that perceptual learning can improve the performance on visual search tasks. However, many cognitive processes are involved in visual search, and it is unclear at which visual processing stage perceptual learning facilitates search performance. The current study explored the mechanism of perceptual learning by dividing the eye movement metrics into three visual processing stages: search initiation time (the early visual processing stage), which represents the cognitive process of the time of processing the current location and selecting the next search location; scanning time (the middle visual processing stage), which includes the number and processing time of fixation positions; verification time (the late visual processing stage), which represents determining whether the current stimulus is the target and making a verification.
A 2 (target type: trained vs. untrained triangle) x 2 (pretest vs. posttest) within-subjects design was used to address the above issue. 24 healthy young adults (5 males; mean age: 21.23±2.02 years) participated as paid volunteers in this study. We randomly selected one of the four orientations of the triangle (Up, Down, Left, or Right) as the trained triangle, which would receive three days of training. Moreover, to ensure that the visual search training was specific to the trained triangle, the trained and untrained triangles were tested by recording the behavior results and eye movement before and after training (untrained triangle was randomly selected from the distractors). Each trial started with a fixation cross (When eye movement was recorded, the search display would not appear until the participants fixated on the center cross for more than 500 ms; when eye movement was not recorded, the central fixation cross was presented for 500 ms and then the search screen was presented). Then a search display was presented until the key response or the elapse reached 2000 ms since its onset. The response was recorded only before the fixation cross disappeared. The task of participants was to determine whether or not the target was presented as quickly as possible. Participants pressed the left arrow key to report the presence of a target or the right arrow key to report its absence.
A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was conducted with the factors of target types (trained vs. untrained triangle) and test stage (pretest vs. posttest). The behavior results found the reduced response time and increased accuracy when searching for trained stimuli after training. However, there was no significant difference in response time or accuracy between pretest and posttest for untrained stimuli. The results of eye movement tracking are as follows: (1) in the early visual processing stage, the search initiation time of the trained stimuli increased significantly after training, and there was no significant difference in the search initiation time between pretest and posttest for untrained stimuli. (2) In the middle visual processing stage, the number of fixations and the average fixation time of trained stimuli were significantly reduced after training, and there was no significant difference for untrained stimuli before and after training. (3) In the late visual processing stage, there was no significant difference in verification time between the pre-test and post-test for both trained and untrained stimuli.
In conclusion, the accuracy and search initiation time of searching for trained stimuli was increased, while the number of fixations and the fixation time decreased. Moreover, the changes in behavior and eye movement indexes did not transfer to untrained stimuli. It is suggested that perceptual learning can affect the early and middle visual processing stages, and may search performance may be improved by increasing the search latency, reducing the number of saccades, and reducing the fixation time
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology Subjects: Computer Science >> Computer Application Technology submitted time 2020-01-07
Abstract： "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology Subjects: Computer Science >> Computer Application Technology submitted time 2019-12-20
Abstract： [Background] Based on counting frequency of specially selected words, LIWC (known as Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count) is a useful tool to analyze expressions of writings or other texts created by individuals or group, for purpose of figuring out the psychological meanings inside the texts. In ancient China, the classical style of writing has a striking difference with modern times. In order to analyze the psychological meanings of classical Chinese text, we construct a Classical Chinese version of LIWC dictionary (known as CC-LIWC), based on the 2015 edition of Simplified Chinese LIWC (known as SC-LIWC). [Objective] In this paper, we show the constructing process of CC-LIWC and give an example of how to use the dictionary to analyze classical Chinese text. [Methods] First, we obtain all the words (including modern Chinese and Classical Chinese words) and their corresponding explanations from the online Chinese dictionary and keep the classical Chinese words with their modern translation; second, we search SC-LIWC words in the explanations. In this way, SC-LIWC words are mapping with the classical Chinese words; finally, we invite ancient Chinese based professionals to check the mapping results manually to ensure the consistency and accuracy of the results. [Results] The final dictionary includes 81 categories and 49136 classical Chinese entries. [Limitations] In classical Chinese context, polysemy or diversity of a word is very common, which affects the classification of words in the dictionary. [Conclusion] we use CC-LIWC to analyze The Analects(excerpts) and The Isolated Indignation. The result shows the difference between the moderation of Confucian and the dialectical thinking of Legalist. Therefore, CC-LIWC dictionary can distinguish the expression tendency of text efficiently.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Experimental Psychology submitted time 2019-10-16
Abstract： Stressor presents a risk factor in everyday life by not only triggering stress responses in the body but also influencing cognitive processing. Previous research has shown that the medial frontal cortex and dorsolateral frontal cortex, on which error processing depends, are susceptible to acute stress. However, few studies have explored the effect of stress on error processing. It is still unclear whether individuals with acute stress can effectively detect their own error responses and how acute stress influences the transfer from error monitoring to post-error adjustment. To address these issues, we recruited 52 healthy male participants and randomly assigned them into stress (N = 26) or control (N = 26) groups. The participants were first asked to undergo an acute stress test or control-stress test and soon after that perform an error awareness task. Acute stress was induced by the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) which consists of a public speech task and a mental arithmetic task. The error awareness task was a motor go/no-go response inhibition task, in which the participants marked the responses where they recognized errors. Additionally, information on the participants’ heart rates, subjective emotional states, and perceived stress levels was collected to evaluate their immediate reaction to stress. Finally, we used salivary cortisol levels to explore the delayed reaction to stress during the experiment. The acute stress induction was indexed by the increases in free cortisol levels, heart rates, perceived stress levels, and negative affect in the stress group compared with the control group. Two main findings were obtained in this study. First, the accuracy of error awareness in the stress group was lower than that of the control group, and the negative affect under acute stress was negatively predictive of the accuracy of error awareness in the stress group but not the control group, suggesting that acute stress led to poor error monitoring. Second, the accuracy of the first trials after aware errors was significantly lower than that after unaware errors in the stress group, but there was no change in the control group, showing that post-error performance was impaired following acute stress. Altogether, the present study demonstrated that participants could not effectively identify error responses after acute stress, and their post-error adjustment was impaired even when the error responses were identified. Our results show that stress plays an important role in error processing, which is consistent with the biphasic-reciprocal model that proposes that stress responses enhance the activation of the amygdala but impair neural functioning in the prefrontal cortex. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that acute stress impairs the performance monitoring system, which leads to impaired post-error adaptive behaviors. " " "
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2019-01-21
Abstract： " " "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology Subjects: Computer Science >> Computer Application Technology submitted time 2018-05-09
Abstract： By using social media big data, this study explores the role of regional factors in the process of haze influence. Based on keyword frequency, we analyzed weibo original content of users from Beijing(Chaoyang district) and Chengdu, after delete hot events which greatly influence people’s emotion. We introduced of regulating variable (area) and found that there is interaction of areas and haze(PM2.5), haze positively related with negative emotion in Beijing and haze negatively related with negative emotion in Chengdu. There are regional differences in the influence of haze (PM2.5), which can be related to the lifestyle and historical culture of the two cities.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
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