Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Literature Work submitted time 2023-08-07
Abstract： Starting with the necessity and importance of studying the meaning of red literature, this paper emphatically combs the research status and differences of researchers in Chinese Mainland on the meaning of red literature. Then, from the perspective of seven dimensions: object, subject, time, space, carrier, narrow and broad interpretation, and language, a detailed analysis and comparison of the six major differences in the connotation and extension of the meaning of red literature among these researchers were conducted, and new explanations were made for the broad and narrow red literature. Then two new concepts, Chinese red historical literature and Chinese red contemporary literature, were proposed, and a comprehensive new definition of Chinese red literature is given on this basis.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Management Science >> Development and Management of Human Resources submitted time 2021-12-06
Abstract： " In the current age, employees are expected to work proactively in workplaces where the organizational structure is flatter and knowledge updating becomes faster than ever. There is a growing consensus on the importance of proactive behaviors from both scholars and practitioners. Proactive behavior, defined as “an anticipatory action that employees take to impact themselves and/or their environments” is thought to be self-initiated, future-oriented and change-oriented. Evidence showed that employees’ proactive behavior is beneficial for both individual performance and organizational competitiveness. Existing research regarding the impacts of proactive behavior mainly focuses on effectiveness of employees’ own proactive behaviors, such as promoting their job satisfaction or organizational commitment. However, no one is an isolated island. In a team or an organizational environment, employees’ attitudes and behaviors will inevitably be affected by their coworkers. Accordingly, this study focused on coworker proactive behavior and discussed its effectiveness in stimulating employees’ job performance. Drawing upon social learning theory, we hypothesized employee autonomous motivation will mediate the relationship between coworker proactive behavior and employee job performance. We further assumed that whether an employee possesses highly proactive personality determines the odds that employees might be motivated by their proactive coworkers. These hypotheses were tested with a field sample of supervisor-employee dyads and an experimental study. For the field study, we conducted a three-wave research design and achieved 209 valid samples from employees and their supervisors in two high-tech enterprises based in Beijing and Hebei provinces. At Time 1, employees assessed their proactive personality and their coworkers’ proactive behavior, and provided their demographic information. At Time 2 (one month after Time 1), employees were asked to report their autonomous motivation. At Time 3 (two months after Time 1), supervisors provided performance evaluation of employees who engaged in the survey. For the experimental study, we recruited 86 full-time workers from a high-tech company located in Hebei province via its internal communication channel. These respondents were separated into two groups randomly, namely coworkers with high proactive behaviors (N = 74) and coworkers with low proactive behaviors (N = 76). First, respondents were asked to finish a measure of their proactive personality and report their demographics. Then, they were given a scenario, one of which depicted a situation where coworkers were proactive (or not proactive). Finally, after reading the scenario, respondents finished a manipulation check of coworker proactive behavior and reported the degree of their autonomous motivation. We applied confirmatory factor analysis, regression analysis and mixed model via SPSS 23 and Mplus 7.4 to analyze the data. Empirical results supported our hypotheses and indicated the following: (1) Coworker proactive behavior had a significant positive effect on employee autonomous motivation; (2) Employee autonomous motivation played a mediating role in the relationship between coworker proactive behavior and employee job performance; (3) Employee proactive personality played a moderating role in the relationship between coworker proactive behavior and employee autonomous motivation, such that coworker proactive behavior was positively related employee autonomous motivation when employees’ proactive personality was high, while such relationship became negative when employees’ proactive personality was low. This study makes several theoretical and managerial implications. First, by investigating the effectiveness of coworker proactive behavior, this study offers a new insight in proactive behavior research by incorporating the influence of coworker into consideration. Second, by examining the mediating role of employee autonomous motivation, this study enhances our understanding of how coworker proactive behavior translates into employee job performance. Third, by exploring the contingent role of employee proactive personality, this study shows the boundary condition under which employees are more likely to be motivated by their proactive coworkers.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2021-04-28
Abstract： Abstract：Since the 1980s, narcissism has become more and more popular in research. Narcissism may be important for developing self-consciousness and guiding the future. Temperament is the basis for the formation and development of personality, and an important susceptibility factor for the formation of narcissistic personality. Numerous studies have explored the relationship between narcissism and BIS/BAS. However, these results are far from consistency. Therefore, this meta-analysis was conducted to explore the relation between narcissism and BIS/BAS and investigate the moderating effects of measurement tools of narcissism, participant types, age and gender. Through literature retrieval, 25 independent effect sizes together with 7702 participants which met the inclusion criteria of meta-analysis were selected. Homogeneity test indicated that random effects model was appropriate for the meta-analysis. The results of funnel plot and Egger’s intercept illustrated no publication bias. Main-effect test indicated a significant negative correlation between narcissism and BIS (r = –0.27, 95%CI = [–0.34, –0.21]). Further moderation analysis revealed that the association between narcissism and BIS was moderated by measurement tools of narcissism; Main-effect test indicated a significant positive correlation between narcissism and BAS (r = 0.46, 95%CI = [0.40, 0.52]). Further moderation analysis revealed that the association between narcissism and BAS was moderated by participant types. The results supported the agency model of narcissism and the revised reinforcement sensitivity theory of personality. "
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2021-04-13
Abstract： "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2021-03-15
Abstract： "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2021-02-18
Abstract： Previous research demonstrated that ensemble perception of groups can be formed rapidly by extraction of the average of high-level complex features. However, it is unclear whether the average percept is the outcome of extraction from the characteristic value of the average stimulus (for example, average face) created from group members, or from calculation of the average value of group members’ characteristic values. The above two values were confused with each other in prior research，since most average value of group members are similar as the characteristic value of the average stimulus. However, the attractiveness rating of the average face created from a group of faces is usually systematically higher than the mean value of attractiveness ratings of this group of faces. Therefore, it is easier to explore how the ensemble coding of crowd face attractiveness (i.e. group attractiveness) is formed by comparing the attractiveness of the average face with the mean value of attractiveness rating of a group of faces. This could provide a useful approach to explore how the average percept is formed. The present study used the average discrimination paradigm (Experiment 1 & 2) and the scoring paradigm (Experiment 3 & 4) to clarify the mechanism of the formation of average percept by comparing the group attractiveness with the attractiveness of average face. To tackle this issue, whether the average face was presented in the group of faces or not was manipulated (conditions: Avg vs. NoAvg). Group size were also manipulated to explore whether group size modulated the formation of average percept. In the average discrimination paradigm, a group of faces served as group stimuli to be compare with the probe face for attractiveness. Participants were asked to judge which is more attractive between the group stimuli and the probe face. In the scoring paradigm, participants were asked to rate the attractiveness of group stimuli, the average face created from the group, and each face of the group in isolated manner. Each group consisted of twelve (in Experiments 1 and 3) or four faces (in Experiments 2 and 4). There were two kinds of groups: one is that all group members are original faces, without the average face. The other is that an average face morphed from other original faces was included in the group. In Experiment 1, the proportions for judging probe average face more attractive than group attractiveness in the Avg condition was similar with the NoAvg condition. In Experiment 2, when the set size was four, the proportions for judging probe average face more attractive than group attractiveness were significantly higher in the NoAvg condition. Moreover, in Experiment 3, the ratings for group attractiveness were not significantly different between Avg and NoAvg conditions. This may indicate that the group attractiveness is based on the average face which was created from group members rather than the mean value calculated from group members’ attractiveness. In addition, the diffusion model analysis showed that the coding time was longer for NoAvg condition, which indicated that the formation of average face needed cognitive resource. In Experiment 4, when the set size was four, the attractiveness rating of the average face was significantly higher than group ratings for the two kinds of groups. The different results in different group size may be interpreted as the outcome of weakened average percept caused by the salient individual face representations in small group. This was evident from several analyses: 1) group attractiveness and the attractiveness of morphed average face decreased with smaller set size (Experiment 4); 2) When the probe face was morphed average face, the proportion for judging probe face as more attractive than group attractiveness was greater, comparing with the condition when the probe was a new face whose attractiveness was similar with the morphed average face (Experiment 2); 3) The performance for the hypothesized condition with average percept included in the set is in between the conditions with/without real average face included (Experiment 2-4). In addition, comparing with Experiment 1, the information accumulation speed in Experiment 2 is slower, the processing time of group attractiveness is longer, reflecting the disturbance of the individual face representation. In summary, the findings supported the hypothesis that group attractiveness is based on the morphed average face. Thus, the ensemble percept relies on the extraction from the average stimulus created from the group.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2021-02-18
Abstract： Previous research suggested that the attractiveness rating of a face tends to be similar to the attractiveness of its surrounding faces in the context, resulting in an assimilation effect. However, these results were usually based on the comparison among ratings of the target faces under different attractiveness contexts, without considering the attractiveness rating of the target face in isolation, and might lead to incorrect conclusion on the contextual influence on target evaluation. This study investigated the influence of duration and difference in attractiveness rating between the target and the context faces on the rating of target face. The assimilation effect was measured by taking mean rating of the same face in isolation as a reference value. The results found that attractiveness rating of the target face was similar to the attractiveness of its surrounding face in the context, and the differences between target and context faces led to a continuum effect in assimilation process, i.e., the more different in attractiveness rating between the target and the faces in the context, the smaller in the effect size of an assimilation was observed. " "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Basic Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology submitted time 2020-04-26 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：对于干旱缺水的华北地区，推动节水灌溉被认为是可以有效减少农业用水的措施，近年来我国政府也加大了对该地区农业节水技术的投资力度。但由于缺乏对采用农业节水技术影响因素的深入了解，在很大程度上阻碍了节水技术的大面积推广。本文基于河北省张北县的实际调研数据，从地块特征、农户自身特征以及社会环境因素三个方面，采用多项Logit和决策树两种模型对比研究了干旱区农户选择灌溉方式的影响因素；同时构建了一般线性模型，分析了农户采用现代社区型节水技术程度的影响因素。结果表明：政府扶持是农户选择现代社区型节水技术的关键因素，其次是地块面积和家庭水浇地经营规模，但这三个因素对采用该技术程度的影响并不显著。此外，农户的年龄、受教育程度以及土壤类型对灌溉方式选择及其采用程度都具有重要影响，但农户所感知的水资源供求状况没有显著影响。
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2019-12-13
Abstract： Languages may differ in terms of the proximate units of phonological encoding in spoken word production. It is widely accepted that phonemes are the primary units used in Indo-European languages. However, it is controversial what the functional units (syllables or phonemes) are in Chinese spoken word production. In the framework of proximate unit principle hypothesis for Mandarin Chinese spoken word production, phonological content is activated in a syllable while its syllabic frame is retrieved. Both syllabic content and frame are linked sequentially and tone is also specified at this point. Crucially, syllables are retrieved at an early stage of word form encoding, and then the phonemes of the syllable are retrieved in parallel and linked to their position in the syllable frame. The present study investigated the temporal courses of syllables and phonemes in word production using an implicit priming paradigm, and electrophysiological signals were measured concurrently. Specifically, participants were young native Chinese speakers with low level of English ability for excluding the influence of the second language. In an implicit priming paradigm, four sets of word pairs served as experimental stimuli. Each set consisted of four pairs, and the first word of a pair was the cue word, while the second was the response word. In the homogeneous conditions, four response words in a set shared certain phonological properties. For instance, the four response words in a set were危机(/wei1ji1/, crisis), 围墙 (/wei2qiang2/, bounding wall), 尾巴 (/wei3ba/, tail), and 卫星(/wei4xing1/, satellite), which share the first syllable but not tone. The heterogeneous conditions used the same word pairs, but assigned them to sets in which they didn’t share any properties. Two homogeneous conditions (syllable shared and initial phoneme shared) were used in the study. Participants were asked to memorize the sets of four pairs of associate words, after which they were presented with the cue words, and were required to produce the response words. Behavioral results didn’t show any syllable or phoneme effects. EEG results revealed that syllable overlap conditions elicited significant effects in the time window of 100~400 ms, and the effect firstly showed up in the left and right anterior regions, following in the middle anterior region, and finally in the left and right anterior regions, right and middle posterior regions. While the phoneme effects only appeared between 500~600 ms after the cue words were presented, and were distributed in the right anterior and posterior regions. Both the syllabically and phonemically homogeneous conditions were characterized by more positive ERP waveforms when compared to the heterogeneous conditions. We suggested that syllable overlap effect arises at the early stage of phonological encoding, whereas the phoneme overlap effect possibly arises at the later stage of phonological encoding, or phonetic encoding in Chinese spoken word production. Our findings provide support for the assumption of the proximate unit principle. "
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2019-10-17
Abstract： " What kind of role does psychology play in the construction of social psychological service system? How to construct a comprehensive and systematic social psychological service system? How to promote the development of psychology itself in the construction of social psychological service system? Taking the resilience-building as an example, through summarizing the resilience-building paths in the different level, such as the individual, team and community, and combining with practical case. This paper analyzes psychological role for social psychological service system construction process. In the end, the paper discusses the relevance issues to promote the application of psychology in the social service system.
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2019-05-20
Abstract： " Considerable research suggests that musical experience and ability are related to various cognitive abilities. One aspect of cognition that may be related to musical training is executive function (EF), which involves a set of top-down processes that regulate behavior and cognition according to task demands. To date, many studies are investigating this relationship. However, results are mixed and difficult to compare because of not only the variety of EF components examined but also the variety of tasks used to measure EF and the variety of criteria used to categorize participants as “musicians” or “non-musicians.” Moreover, most studies focus more on Western music than Chinese folk music, which has its own unique expression and distinct musical character. Dong Chorus, which is the multipart folk chorus of the Dong people in Guizhou Province, holds an important and unusual position in Chinese polyphonic folk songs. This stature is due to their splendid artistry, long history that can be textually researched, and the great influence of their vivid artistic practice, which gained the favor of numerous musicians. However, only a few scholars have studied the folk songs from the perspective of cognitive psychology or by means of experiments. In this study, we divide EFs into three core components: inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility in auditory and visual modalities. Dong musicians (n=32), Dong non-musicians (n=32), and the Han (n=32) high school students were involved in six experiments to test the effect of Dong Chorus on cognition and the existence and generality of the relationship between musical ability and EFs. Results showed that Dong musicians and non-musicians outperformed Han students in inhibitory control and memory updating in auditory and visual versions of EF tasks, but no significant difference existed among the three groups in terms of shifting, which proved the generality of cognitive advantages of Dong Chorus. Dong non-musicians outperformed Han students in inhibition and switching, which suggested the interaction between language and music. In summary, these results indicated that cognitive advantages associated with Dong Chorus are not limited to auditory processes, but they are limited to specific aspects of EF. This finding supports a process-specific (but modality-general) relationship between musical ability and nonmusical aspects of cognition. Protecting and developing the Dong Chorus are important.
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2018-12-20
Abstract： The “tip of the tongue” (TOT) refers to a state in which one cannot recall a familiar word but can recall words of similar form and meaning in speech production, which is common in our daily life, especially for the old speakers. The perspectives of cognitive (how linguistic properties and general cognitive abilities influence aging of TOT) and meta-cognitive (how the meta-cognitive evaluations of TOT influence TOT’s processing) have been proposed to explain the aging of TOT. However, little research has addressed this question in Chinese. The present study aims to examine how (a) individual characteristics (i.e., emotion, age) influence daily TOTs and (b) the interplay of cognitive factors and meta-cognitive factors influence daily TOTs. A sample of 67 participants (36 old adults, 13 males, age ranges: 60~81 years, M = 66.91, SD = 6.85; 31 young adults, 16 males, age ranges: 18~25 years, M = 21.50, SD = 2.43) filled in a quantitative and qualitative diary for 4 weeks (including weekends) to investigate their experience of TOTs. The questions and measurements used in our diary questionnaire included cognitive and meta-cognitive characteristics of TOT in speech production. Results indicated that the old adults generated more TOTs and took longer time to retrieve target words in successful production than the young adults in daily life, which confirmed our hypothesis that there was an aging of speech production in Chinese. Furthermore, when TOT happened, both old and young people could successfully retrieve alternative words and (or) semantically related information, but less phonologically related information, which supported transmission deficit hypothesis about aging of speech production. For the meta-cognitive experience, we found that young adults experienced higher degree of excitement and fatigueness than the old adults. In addition, the resolution time of TOTs was influenced by factors of target words familiarity, the presence of alternates and the comfort level when TOT happened. The assessments on TOT’s cognitive and meta-cognitive states affected the resolution time of the subsequent TOTs, reflecting that participants took more efforts and time to resolve TOTs after evaluating their meta-cognitive states. We suggest that TOT is the products of cognitive and meta-cognitive processes in Chinese speech production. "
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2018-11-13
Abstract： Despite previous research primarily focused on the positive outcomes resulting from empowering leadership, recent studies in this realm have indicated that empowering leadership could also bring potential negative effects apart from the positive outcomes. With respect to this issue, we first demonstrated the conceptualization and core characteristics of empowering leadership. Then, based on dual-task processing effect, role theory and implicit leadership theory, we explained the theoretical mechanisms of the negative effects of empowering leadership. Next, we analyzed the boundary conditions under which empowering leadership exerts positive influence on employees and organizations. Finally, we proposed several future research directions regarding the negative effects of empowering leadership.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Philology submitted time 2018-09-27
Abstract： " [Purposes ] By analyzing the distribution of citations of papers for academic journals, we present the identification of a less-citation region of each journal and the method of its evaluations. [Methods]By taking SCI Expanded data of 65 condensed matter journals (CMJ) with a period of 5 years, we have systematically studied the features of the citation distribution for each journal, which are made for those papers in h-index core，or with the citation number less than the citation per paper (Cipp) for a given journal. In addition, we also analyze the feature of the citation distributions in the regions where the accumulation citations are respectively five, ten and twenty percent of the total citations T, for a given journal. Based on these analyses, we identify an appropriate and reasonable less-citation region for each journal. [Findings] First, the ratio for zero citation for each journal is very low, about10%T, so that CMJ can be considered as a set of high-quality journals. Secondly, the range for the cumulated number of those less citations equal to 20%T as well as the citations of papers below Cipp can be statistically used together to define as a less-citation region. Third, there is only very weak correlation between the traditional evaluating parameters such as impact factor IF, h-index, Cipp, the total number of the citable papers and the total citation，and the new set of the parameters including rN0, less-citation ration（RLC，rN x）and the density of the less citations（DLC，rTcix）. [ Conclusions] Frist, the new set of the parameters Evel {rN0, rNx, rTcix} defines a composite index for the evaluation of less citations, while the composite index Evel {h，Ci20%，Cicipp，Cih} corresponds to the three regions, characterizing the configurations of citation distribution of journals. Secondly, the distribution of citations possibly can be cluster analyzed on configuration. For each journal, the less-citation evaluation should be properly done on the basis of the systematic analyses on the distribution of the citations. Multiple dimensional evaluations can provide reliable global evaluation on each journal.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2017-10-27 Cooperative journals: 《智库理论与实践》
Abstract：摘要：[目的/意义]兰德研究生院如何通过其管理和运行机制来支撑独特的办学模式并保障高质量的人才培养？对此问题的研究不仅有助于我们了解世界一流智库的运行之道，更能为中国智库发展和建设提供借鉴。[方法/过程]本文主要基于一手资料，通过案例、文献、数据分析，对兰德研究生院的人才培养优势、资金运行机制和主要特点进行了研究。[结果/结论]兰德研究生院在人才培养方面投入巨大，并通过完善的资金运行体系将人才梯队建设和智库研究实力的提升有机衔接。建议中国智库更加重视青年人才培养和人才梯队建设，加大对提升基础研究实力的投入，以人才为中心完善智库资金运行体系。
Hits
Hits
Downloads
Comment