Subjects: Digital Publishing >> New Media submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国传媒科技》
Abstract：传统媒体在直播和短视频上具有公信力、政策资源、内容生产、平台沉淀、技术支持、受众参与方面的优势,但也存在平台和业态方面的局限。如果能够把握机会,直播和短视频或许可以成为传统媒体融合的突破点。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Empowering Scientists to retain ownership or long-term access rights of government-funded research & development outputs (R&D outputs), is a key exploration and reform for China’s central government to promote the market mechanism’s decisive role in allocating innovation resources. As a result of the public ownership-based economic and social system, how to properly coordinate the relationship between the state, the collectives and the individuals will inevitably become the core issue in China’s reform on the ownership rights of R&D outputs. By reviewing the institutional changes and reform process on the ownership policy of government-funded R&D outputs in China, this paper clarifies the institutional implications of public ownership, institutional ownership and intellectual property rights of R&D outputs, tries to explore the reform experience and institutional rules of the ownership policy of government-funded R&D outputs, and calls for a conceptual consensus to promote the future ownership policy reform on government#2;funded R&D outputs.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： In recent years, the nudging method of default options has been increasingly used to improve public behavior and increase the public approval of social policies. Default option setting is a tool of choice architecture. It involves setting a pre-selected option that takes advantage of people’s inertia, subtly increasing the likelihood that decision-makers choose this default option. Defaults are commonly framed in the opt-in system (without any default) and opt-out system (target option as a default). The frequencies at which the target option is of the target option is chosen are considerably higher in the latter, which is known as the default effect. Although a great number of studies have shown the default effect in various scenarios, the effectiveness of default nudge has been questioned by scholars and the public nowadays. For example, there are a series of studies that show that default option settings are ineffective or even counterproductive in promoting public behavior. Given the dispute on the effectiveness of the default nudge method, the current study aims to systematically examine how effective defaults are and whether their effectiveness varies across culture (Eastern culture vs. Western culture), domains (money-related domain, health-related domain, and environment-related domain), behavioral motives (benefits self vs. benefits others; whether there is real financial consequence of choice), and experiment characteristics (type of dependent variables, time of publication, sample size, and type of experiment). We conducted a literature search and meta-analysis of 56 articles, covering 92 default studies (pooled n = 112, 212, range = 16 ~ 19992) that fitted our inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed that opt-out defaults lead to more pre-selected decisions than opt-in defaults do (d = 0.59, t = 10.12, 95% CI = [0.47, 0.71], p < 0.001), indicating that default nudging has a considerable effect. Further analysis showed two factors that could partially explain when the defaults’ effectiveness varies. First, moderating analysis showed that cultural background moderated the effect of default nudging: the effect of opt-out system under Western culture performed better than that under Eastern culture (b = 0.44, 95% CI = [0.05, 0.84], p = 0.027). Second, the moderating analysis also revealed the moderating effect of consumer choice and health choice. The nudging effectiveness of the default option settings was relatively better in the field of consumer choice (b = 0.43, 95% CI = [0.15, 0.70], p = 0.002), also somewhat effective in the field of pro-environmental choice (b = -0.32, 95% CI = [-0.66, 0.02], p = 0.067), and weakest in the field of health domain (b = -0.32, 95% CI = [-0.42, 0.10], p = 0.233). Lately, the default effect was not influenced by motivational factors or experiment characteristics. In conclusion, the current work-integrated findings in previous default-related studies and answered the questions regarding how effective the defaults are and when their effectiveness varies. The present meta-analysis covered 21 more studies than previous analyses and 5 more studies based on the Asian samples. In the 92 studies included in this meta-analysis, most showed a positive effect of default nudge on people’s behavioral change, and only a few studies found no significant or negative effects. The total default effect in our analysis was slightly lower than the results reported by Jachimowicz et al. (2018), but it still showed a medium-sized effect, indicating that the default nudge is indeed effective in promoting behavioral changes. Our finding provides a new conclusion for the studies of the effectiveness of the default effect, and reveals the moderating effect of cultural background for the first time, which may help us to better understand whether the defaults are effective and when to use the defaults.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《心理学报》
Abstract： Extant emotional intelligence (EI) research has documented its intrapersonal benefits and has begun to examine its interpersonal effects. However, this line of research has primarily focused on the interpersonal effects of EI in the work context, while ignoring the potential influences from non-work domain. Considering employees’ family may have a spillover effect on their work behaviors, in this research, we propose that spouse EI will affect employees’ work engagement. Specifically, integrating effort-recovery model with the EI literature, we argue that spouse EI exerts a positive impact on employee work engagement through improving employees’ life well-being. Furthermore, we argue that employee gender alters the aboved relationships such that the positive interpersonal influences of spouse EI will be stronger among male employees than among female employees. We conducted two studies to examine the hypothesized model. In Study 1, we collected two-wave survey data from a large bank. At time 1, 126 employees and their spouses rated their own EI and provided their demographic information. At time 2, two weeks later, 126 employees evaluated their own life well-being and work engagement. The final valid sample consisted of 124 employee-spouse dyads. In Study 2, we collected three-wave survey data from an internet company. At time 1, 80 employees assessed their own EI and some control variables (i.e., leader EI, coworker EI, job demands, and job control); and their 80 spouses evaluated their own EI and provided their demographic information. At time 2, one month later, 78 employees rated their own life well-being. At time 3, another month later, 73 employees rated their own work engagement. The HR department of the company provided the archival data of employees’ demographic information. The final valid sample included 73 employee-spouse dyads. Regression analysis and bootstrapping technique were used to test the mediation, moderation, and moderated-mediation effects. In line with the hypotheses, two studies consistently showed that: (1) Spouse EI was positively related to employee life well-being; (2) Employee life well-being was positively related to employee work engagement; (3) Employee life well-being served as a mediator to transmit the effect of spouse EI on employee work engagement; (4) Employee gender moderated the relationship between spouse EI and employee life well-being such that when employees were male, the positive effect of spouse EI on employee life well-being was stronger; (5) Employee gender also moderated the indirect effect of spouse EI on employee work engagement via employee life well-being such that the indirect effect was stronger among male employees than among female employees. Our theoretical contributions are threefold. First, our research has deepened our understanding on EI, as it is among the first to establish a link between spouse EI and employee work engagement and supports the interpersonal effects of EI from the family to the work domain. Second, our research identifies employee life well-being as a key mediator that explains how spouse EI affects employee work engagement. Third, our research highlights the role of employee gender and unravels the conditions under which spouse EI exerts more or less effects on employee work engagement. Practically, our research offers implications to improve employee life well-being and work engagement through improving spouse EI, especially wife EI.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Atmospheric Sciences submitted time 2023-02-27 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract： Previous studies have shown that the Emanuel scheme performs relatively well in simulating temperature and precipitation in East Asia. However, the user’s guide of RegCM4.6 points out that the Emanuel scheme tends to produce excessive precipitation over lands, especially in some intense individual precipitation events. In contrast, the Grell scheme tends to produce weak precipitation over tropical oceans. Therefore, the new version of the regional climate model RegCM4.6 has incorporated the Mix cumulus convective parameterization scheme, which means that the Emanuel scheme can be used over oceans and the Grell scheme over land, to compensate for the deficiencies of a single scheme. Previous validation studies have mainly focused on temperature and precipitation, and few studies have been conducted on the Mix scheme. The MODIS product from January 1st , 2016, to December 31st , 2016, was used as a reference to evaluate the simulation results of cloud fraction (CF), ice water path (IWP), and liquid water path (LWP) in East Asia from the Emanuel and Mix schemes in RegCM4.6 at various time scales. Some statistical parameters were calculated, such as the correlation coefficient (r), mean absolute error (MAE), mean bias error (MBE), and root mean square error (RMSE). The results were as follows. (1) The simulated CF were slightly overestimated in the northwest and mainly underestimated in the southeast roughly bounded by the Hu Huanyong line. The performance of the two schemes in simulating CF was the best in summer and the worst in winter. In the four seasons, the absolute values of MAE, MBE, and RMSE of the Mix scheme were generally lower than those of the Emanuel scheme. (2) The systematic deviations of IWP were negative in the whole of East Asia. Except in summer, the IWP from the two simulations and MODIS was significantly negatively correlated in the other three seasons, indicating that it was a challenge to accurately simulate physical processes related to ice particles in the cloud. (3) The LWP was underestimated by the two schemes in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and Eastern Ocean and was overestimated in southern, central, and northern China, but the annual MBE of the Mix scheme were closer to 0. The performances of the two schemes were similar in winter. In the other three seasons, the absolute values of MAE, MBE, and RMSE of the Mix scheme were less than those of the Emanuel scheme, and the differences in MAE for the two schemes were 21-39 g·m-2 . In conclusion, the Mix scheme is more suitable to simulate cloud water resources in East Asia. This study will contribute to the exploitation of cloud water resources in East Asia and provide a reference for the selection and improvement of the cumulus convection parameterization scheme in a regional climate model.
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2022-05-11 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract： For precise classification of pathological breast WSI images, the study proposed the gated convolution network based on hybrid connection (HC-GCN) , set up a hybrid block of local residual connection and global dense connection, and through embedding the Squeeze -Excitation-and-Gated (SEG) module into the hybrid block, established a backbone network for alternate connection between the hybrid block and the transition layer. In combination with a training model for image data enhancement based on quad-tree image segmentation method, the experimental results based on the BreastSet clinical data set showed 92.24%, 92.83% and 92.18% of accuracy at the image level, patient level and pathology level respectively. Therefore, compared with other methods, this method is of great clinical application value for improved accuracy as well as reduced number of parameters and amount of computation.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2022-01-26 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：对天然分布在巴丹吉林沙漠南缘2种沙地生境（盐渍沙地、普通沙地）芦苇（Phragmites australis）分株种群的构件特征、种群年龄结构、动态特征及种群空间分布格局进行调查，研究表明：（1）盐渍沙地土壤含水量和含盐量都显著大于普通沙地，普通沙地芦苇的株高、生物量以及各构件的生物量整体上都高于盐渍沙地的芦苇，土壤含水量和含盐量是该地区芦苇形态特征差异的重要驱动因素。（2）不同生境样地因土壤条件及种间竞争程度的差异，芦苇种群呈现出不同的年龄结构以及数量动态变化，普通沙地芦苇种群趋向于衰退型，盐渍沙地芦苇种群表现为增长型。（3）普通沙地中芦苇种群空间分布格局在0~4 m尺度上表现为聚集分布，在大于4 m的尺度上表现为随机分布；盐渍沙地的函数值基本都在2条包迹线之间，在0~10 m的尺度内均为随机分布。
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2021-11-22
Abstract： Default–based nudge has been increasingly used in recent years to improve the public approval of social policies. However, its effectiveness has also been questioned by the public and some scholars. A meta-analysis was conducted to explore the effect of default options and the related variables that may affect its effectiveness. A total of 56 empirical research and 92 studies were included through literature retrieval. Results of the meta-analysis are as follows: (1) A considerable effect of default options was observed, (2) The moderating analysis of cultural background revealed that the nudging effect of default options under Western culture was better than that under Eastern culture, and (3) Lastly, the moderating analysis showed a significant difference of default effect between different domains and that the nudging effect of default options was greater in the money–related domain than in the health and environmental domains.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2021-03-25
Abstract： " " " " " " " " "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在探求不同热处理对豆渣碳水化合物分子结构的影响及其与营养价值、瘤胃降解特性的相关关系。本试验采用常规化学分析方法并结合康奈尔净碳水化合物-净蛋白质体系（CNCPS）和尼龙袋技术对不同热处理的豆渣进行营养价值评定，并利用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术（FTIR）分析豆渣碳水化合物分子结构的变化，进而探求它们之间的相关关系。结果表明：1）热处理使豆渣的营养价值和中性洗涤纤维（NDF）瘤胃降解率降低。2）不同热处理对豆渣碳水化合物分子结构中结构性碳水化合物（STCHO）、纤维复合物（CELC）、总碳水化合物（CHO）的峰面积以及3个峰面积中相应的峰高均有显著影响（P<0.05）。3）STCHO与CHO的峰面积比，以及总碳水化合物中的峰高比可以有效地估测不同热处理豆渣的营养价值和NDF瘤胃降解参数的含量。综上所述，不同热处理对豆渣碳水化合物分子结构、营养价值和NDF瘤胃降解率均有影响，不同热处理豆渣中碳水化合物分子结构与其营养价值、NDF瘤胃降解特性之间存在相关关系，初步证明利用FTIR光谱技术得到的豆渣光谱信息能直接反映其热损害程度。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：奶牛养殖的高成本和低效率阻碍着国内奶业发展，图像信息技术可以帮助生产管理者更加客观、有效地评价奶牛健康状况和生产需要，减少动物应激，提高牧场智能化管理水平。本文综述了可见光相机、热成像相机和深度相机的成像原理，评价了奶牛生产中图像信息技术的应用方法和效果，整理了图像可视系统在体重测定、体况评分、动物体温监测、步态评分、采食量测定、卧床行为监测等项目中的研究进展，探讨可视系统在准确率、灵敏度、误差等方面的表现。该技术可以应用于牧场管理者对畜群的日常观察，为日后牧场全自动化建设做准备。
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2018-01-25 Cooperative journals: 《南方医科大学学报》
Abstract： Objective To analyze the relationship between the reference values of fibrinogen (FIB) in healthy Chinese adults and geographical factors to provide scientific evidences for establishing the uniform standard ethods The reference values of FIB of 10701 Chinese healthy adults from 103 cities were collected to investigate their relationship with 18 geographical factors including spatial index, terrain index, climate index, and soil index. Geographical factors that significantly correlated with the reference values were selected for constructing the BP neural etwork model. The spatial distribution map of the reference value of FIB of healthy Chinese adults was fitted by disjunctive kriging interpolation. We used the 5-layer neural network and selected 2000 times of training covering 11 hidden layers to build the simulation rule for simulating the relationship between FIB and geographical environmental factors using the MATLAB software. Results The reference value of FIB in healthy Chinese adults was significantly correlated with the latitude, sunshine duration, annual average temperature, annual average relative humidity annual precipitation, annual range of air temperature, average annual soil gravel content, and soil canon exchange capacity (silt). The artificial neural networks were created to analyze the simulation of the selected indicators of geographical factors. The spatial distribution map of the reference values of FIB in healthy Chinese adults showed a distribution pattern that FIB levels were higher in the South and lower in the North, and higher in the East and lower in the West. Conclusion When the geographical factors of a certain area are known, the reference values of FIB in healthy Chinese adults can be obtained by establishing the neural network mode or plotting the spatial distribution map.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2017-12-27 Cooperative journals: 《南方医科大学学报》
Abstract： Objective To detect the expression of protein 4.1 family members in mouse melanoma cell lines and evaluate their effect on cell proliferation. Methods PCR and Western blot were used to detected to the expression of protein 4.1 family members (4.1R, 4.1B, 4.1G, and 4.1N) at the mRNA and protein levels in B16 and B16-F10 cell lines. The expression plasmid vector pEGFP-N1-EPB41L3 carrying 4.1B gene sequence amplified from genomic RNA of mouse embryo fibroblasts was constructed and transiently transfected into mouse melanoma cells. The change in cell proliferation was assessed using MTT assay. Results The mRNA and protein expressions of all the protein 4.1 family members, with the exception of 4.1B, were detected in both B16 and B16-F10 cells. Transfection of cells with the eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N1-EPB41L3 markedly inhibited cell proliferation as compared with the non-transfected cells. Conclusion The eukaryotic expression vector carrying EPB41L3 sequence is capable of inhibiting the proliferation of mouse melanoma B16 and B16-F10 cells.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2017-12-07 Cooperative journals: 《南方医科大学学报》
Abstract： Objective To investigate the effect of indomethacin on the proliferation and Wnt/β-catenin pathway in K562 cells. Methods The cell growth of K562 cells treated with different concentrations of indomethacin was assessed with MTT assay and the colony-forming ability of the cells was evaluated by colony-forming assay. The mRNA expressions of BCR/ABL and β-catenin were detected by RT-PCR, and the protein expressions of pBCR/ABL, total BCR/ABL, β-catenin, pGSK-3βand c-myc were analyzed by Western blotting. Results Indomethacin significantly suppressed the growth and colony-forming ability of K562 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Indomethacin treatment dose-dependently decreased the protein level of pBCR/ABL and total BCR/ABL without affecting bcr-abl mRNA expressions. Compared with the control groups, indomethacin-treated cells showed obviously decreased mRNA and protein expressions of β-catenin and decreased protein expressions of pGSK-3βand c-myc. Conclusion Indomethacin inhibits the proliferation of K562 cells by suppressing the activity of bcr-abl-Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平苜草素对蛋鸡胆固醇代谢的影响，并探讨其基因表达调控机制。选取体重和产蛋率相近的26周龄尼克蛋鸡540只，随机分为5组，每组6个重复，每个重复18只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加300、600、900、1 200 mg/kg的苜草素。预试期7 d，正试期70 d。结果表明：1）试验第35天和第70天，900 mg/kg苜草素组的蛋黄胆固醇含量显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。2）与对照组相比，900 mg/kg苜草素组显著升高了蛋鸡血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）含量和高密度脂蛋白/低密度脂蛋白（HDL/LDL）（P＜0.05），各组蛋鸡血清中总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）含量差异均不显著（P＞0.05）。3)与对照组相比，600、900、1 200 mg/kg苜草素组显著降低了蛋鸡肝脏中3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶（HMGCR）mRNA表达量（P＜0.05），900和1 200 mg/kg苜草素组显著升高了蛋鸡肝脏组织中胆固醇7α-羟化酶（CYP7A1）mRNA表达量（P＜0.05）。各组蛋鸡肝脏中固醇结合蛋白元件-2（SERBP-2）和卵巢中卵黄蛋白原受体（OVR）mRNA表达量无显著差异（P＞0.05）。综上，饲粮中添加苜草素降低了蛋黄胆固醇和全蛋胆固醇含量，其调控机制可能是通过抑制蛋鸡胆固醇的内源性合成和促进胆固醇向胆汁酸的转化排泄2种途径来实现。本试验推荐26～35周龄蛋鸡苜草素添加水平为900 mg/kg。
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